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首页> 外文期刊>Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine >The Current State of Head and Neck Injuries in Extreme Sports
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The Current State of Head and Neck Injuries in Extreme Sports

机译：极限运动中头部和颈部损伤的现状

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Background: Since their conception during the mid-1970s, international participation in extreme sports has grown rapidly. The recent death of extreme snowmobiler Caleb Moore at the 2013 Winter X Games has demonstrated the serious risks associated with these sports. Purpose: To examine the incidence and prevalence of head and neck injuries (HNIs) in extreme sports. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiological study. Methods: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) was used to acquire data from 7 sports (2000-2011) that were included in the Winter and Summer X Games. Data from the NEISS database were collected for each individual sport per year and type of HNI. Cumulative data for overall incidence and injuries over the entire 11-year period were calculated. National estimates were determined using NEISS-weighted calculations. Incidence rates were calculated for extreme sports using data from Outdoor Foundation Participation Reports. Results: Over 4 million injuries were reported between 2000 and 2011, of which 11.3% were HNIs. Of all HNIs, 83% were head injuries and 17% neck injuries. The 4 sports with the highest total incidence of HNI were skateboarding (129,600), snowboarding (97,527), skiing (83,313), and motocross (78,236). Severe HNI (cervical or skull fracture) accounted for 2.5% of extreme sports HNIs. Of these, skateboarding had the highest percentage of severe HNIs. Conclusion: The number of serious injuries suffered in extreme sports has increased as participation in the sports continues to grow. A greater awareness of the dangers associated with these sports offers an opportunity for sports medicine and orthopaedic physicians to advocate for safer equipment, improved on-site medical care, and further research regarding extreme sports injuries.
机译：背景：自从1970年代中期提出概念以来，国际上对极限运动的参与迅速增长。最近，极速雪地车手Caleb Moore在2013年冬季X运动会上去世，证明了与这些运动相关的严重风险。目的：研究极限运动中头部和颈部受伤（HNI）的发生率和患病率。研究设计：描述性流行病学研究。方法：使用国家电子伤害监测系统（NEISS）来获取冬季和夏季X比赛中包含的7种体育项目（2000-2011年）的数据。每年从NEISS数据库中收集每种运动和HNI类型的数据。计算了整个11年期间的总体发生率和伤害累积数据。国家估计是使用NEISS加权计算确定的。使用户外基金会参与报告中的数据计算了极限运动的发生率。结果：2000年至2011年，据报告受伤人数超过400万，其中HNI为11.3％。在所有HNI中，头部受伤83％，颈部受伤17％。 HNI总发病率最高的4种运动是滑板运动（129,600），滑雪板运动（97,527），滑雪运动（83,313）和越野摩托车（78,236）。严重HNI（子宫颈或颅骨骨折）占极限运动HNI的2.5％。在这些滑板中，严重HNI发生率最高。结论：随着参加极限运动的人数不断增加，极限运动中严重受伤的人数有所增加。对与这些运动有关的危险的更多认识为运动医学和整形外科医师提供了提倡更安全的设备，改善的现场医疗服务以及有关极端运动伤害的进一步研究的机会。

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