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Effectiveness of biochar in soil conditioning under simulated ecological conditions

机译：模拟生态条件下生物炭在土壤改良中的有效性

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Biochar is getting momentous importance due to its potential use in various fields like agriculture, organic fertilizers and green house gas (GHG) sequestration. The mineralization of biochar in soil is greatly dependent upon the temperature and moisture level of the soil, therefore under simulated ecological conditions, there is varying effect of biochar on soil properties. In the present study, the potential of biochar to improve soil properties was focused under simulated ecological conditions of Pakistan. Experiments were carried out on soils of seven ecological zones of Pakistan applying biochar in 0.6:100 ratio (biochar:soil, w/w) in pot experiments. Temperature and moisture conditions of the experiments were maintained in laboratory according to the respective ecological zones. The effect of biochar was periodically analyzed for two months on va rious soil parameters such as pH, bulk density, organic matter, total organic carbon and available phosphorus. The results showed that the alkaline nature of biochar contributed to high shift in pH of all the ecological zones. Maximum rise (0.5 units) was observed in Zone 10 (Sulaiman Piedmont, Temperature (T): 46 o C; Field Capacity (FC): 26%). The biochar application showed a decrease in bulk density of the soil of all ecological zones. The high carbon and nutrient content of the biochar contributed to increase in total organic carbon, organic matter and available phosphorus of soils of all the ecological zones. The most profound effect of biochar was observed for Z6 (Wet mountains, T: 36 o C, FC: 50%), where the concentration raised from initial 1.15 mg kg -1 to 2.43 mg kg -1 . Overall, the study revealed that ecological zones of Pakistan with higher moisture level and temperature conditions cause increase in mineralization of biochar and contributed to nutrients release in the soil which ultimately improved the soil properties.
机译：生物炭由于其在农业，有机肥料和温室气体封存等各个领域的潜在用途而变得越来越重要。土壤中生物炭的矿化在很大程度上取决于土壤的温度和水分含量，因此在模拟的生态条件下，生物炭对土壤特性的影响各不相同。在本研究中，生物炭改善土壤特性的潜力集中在模拟的巴基斯坦生态条件下。在盆栽试验中，以0.6：100的生物炭比（生物炭：土壤，w / w）在巴基斯坦七个生态区的土壤上进行了试验。根据各自的生态区，在实验室中保持实验的温度和湿度条件。在两个月内定期分析生物炭对各种土壤参数的影响，例如pH，堆密度，有机质，总有机碳和有效磷。结果表明，生物炭的碱性导致所有生态区的pH值高移。在10区（Sulaiman Piedmont，温度（T）：46 o C;现场容量（FC）：26％）中观察到最大上升（0.5个单位）。生物炭的施用表明所有生态区的土壤堆积密度均降低。生物炭的高碳和养分含量有助于增加所有生态区土壤的总有机碳，有机质和有效磷。对于Z6（湿山，T：36 oC，FC：50％），观察到了生物炭的最深远影响，其浓度从最初的1.15 mg kg -1升高到2.43 mg kg -1。总体而言，研究表明，水分含量高，温度高的巴基斯坦生态区导致生物炭矿化增加，并导致土壤中养分释放，最终改善了土壤特性。

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