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Molecular and Microscopic Insights into the Formation of Soil Organic Matter in a Red Pine Rhizosphere

机译：赤松根际土壤有机质形成的分子和微观洞察

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Microbially-derived carbon inputs to soils play an important role in forming soil organic matter (SOM), but detailed knowledge of basic mechanisms of carbon (C) cycling, such as stabilization of organic C compounds originating from rhizodeposition, is scarce. This study aimed to investigate the stability of rhizosphere-produced carbon components in a model laboratory mesocosm of Pinus resinosa grown in a designed mineral soil mix with limited nutrients. We utilized a suite of advanced imaging and molecular techniques to obtain a molecular-level identification of newly-formed SOM compounds, and considered implications regarding their degree of long-term persistence. The microbes in this controlled, nutrient-limited system, without pre-existing organic matter, produced extracellular polymeric substances that formed associations with nutrient-bearing minerals and contributed to the microbial mineral weathering process. Electron microscopy revealed unique ultrastructural residual signatures of biogenic C compounds, and the increased presence of an amorphous organic phase associated with the mineral phase was evidenced by X-ray diffraction. These findings provide insight into the formation of SOM products in ecosystems, and show that the plant- and microbially-derived material associated with mineral matrices may be important components in current soil carbon models.
机译：微生物向土壤中输入的碳在形成土壤有机物（SOM）中起着重要作用，但是对碳（C）循环基本机制的详细知识（如源自根状沉积的有机C化合物的稳定化）却很少。这项研究的目的是调查在设计的具有有限养分的矿物土壤混合物中生长的树脂松模型实验室模型中，根际产生的碳组分的稳定性。我们利用一套先进的成像技术和分子技术来获得新形成的SOM化合物的分子水平鉴定，并考虑了其长期持久性的意义。在这种受控制的，营养受限的系统中，微生物没有预先存在的有机物，会产生细胞外聚合物质，这些物质与含营养矿物质形成联系，并有助于微生物矿物质的风化过程。电子显微镜显示出生物C化合物的独特超微结构残留特征，X射线衍射证明与矿物相相关的无定形有机相的存在增加。这些发现提供了对生态系统中SOM产品形成的见解，并表明与矿物基质相关的植物和微生物来源的物质可能是当前土壤碳模型的重要组成部分。

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