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首页> 外文期刊>Stem Cell Research & Therapy >Chondrogenic induction of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells from Wharton’s jelly embedded in alginate hydrogel and without added growth factor: an alternative stem cell source for cartilage tissue engineering
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Chondrogenic induction of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells from Wharton’s jelly embedded in alginate hydrogel and without added growth factor: an alternative stem cell source for cartilage tissue engineering

机译：沃顿氏胶冻包埋在藻酸盐水凝胶中且未添加生长因子的间充质基质/干细胞的软骨诱导：软骨组织工程的另一种干细胞来源

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Due to their intrinsic properties, stem cells are promising tools for new developments in tissue engineering and particularly for cartilage tissue regeneration. Although mesenchymal stromal/stem cells from bone marrow (BM-MSC) have long been the most used stem cell source in cartilage tissue engineering, they have certain limits. Thanks to their properties such as low immunogenicity and particularly chondrogenic differentiation potential, mesenchymal stromal/stem cells from Wharton’s jelly (WJ-MSC) promise to be an interesting source of MSC for cartilage tissue engineering. In this study, we propose to evaluate chondrogenic potential of WJ-MSC embedded in alginate/hyaluronic acid hydrogel over 28?days. Hydrogels were constructed by the original spraying method. Our main objective was to evaluate chondrogenic differentiation of WJ-MSC on three-dimensional scaffolds, without adding growth factors, at transcript and protein levels. We compared the results to those obtained from standard BM-MSC. After 3?days of culture, WJ-MSC seemed to be adapted to their new three-dimensional environment without any detectable damage. From day 14 and up to 28?days, the proportion of WJ-MSC CD73+, CD90+, CD105+ and CD166+ decreased significantly compared to monolayer marker expression. Moreover, WJ-MSC and BM-MSC showed different phenotype profiles. After 28?days of scaffold culture, our results showed strong upregulation of cartilage-specific transcript expression. WJ-MSC exhibited greater type II collagen synthesis than BM-MSC at both transcript and protein levels. Furthermore, our work highlighted a relevant result showing that WJ-MSC expressed Runx2 and type X collagen at lower levels than BM-MSC. Once seeded in the hydrogel scaffold, WJ-MSC and BM-MSC have different profiles of chondrogenic differentiation at both the phenotypic level and matrix synthesis. After 4?weeks, WJ-MSC, embedded in a three-dimensional environment, were able to adapt to their environment and express specific cartilage-related genes and matrix proteins. Today, WJ-MSC represent a real alternative source of stem cells for cartilage tissue engineering.
机译：由于其固有特性，干细胞是组织工程特别是软骨组织再生的有前途的工具。尽管长期以来，骨髓间充质基质/干细胞（BM-MSC）一直是软骨组织工程中最常用的干细胞来源，但它们具有一定的局限性。沃顿氏胶冻（WJ-MSC）的间充质基质/干细胞由于其低免疫原性和特别的成软骨分化潜能等特性，有望成为软骨组织工程中MSC的一个有趣来源。在这项研究中，我们建议评估28天内嵌入藻酸盐/透明质酸水凝胶中的WJ-MSC的成软骨潜力。水凝胶是通过原始的喷涂方法制成的。我们的主要目标是在转录和蛋白质水平上评估WJ-MSC在三维支架上的软骨分化，而无需添加生长因子。我们将结果与从标准BM-MSC获得的结果进行了比较。经过3天的培养，WJ-MSC似乎已适应其新的三维环境，而没有任何可察觉的损坏。从第14天到第28天，与单层标记物表达相比，WJ-MSC CD73 +，CD90 +，CD105 +和CD166 +的比例显着下降。此外，WJ-MSC和BM-MSC表现出不同的表型特征。支架培养28天后，我们的结果显示软骨特异性转录物表达强烈上调。在转录本和蛋白质水平上，WJ-MSC均比BM-MSC表现出更高的II型胶原合成。此外，我们的工作强调了一个相关结果，表明WJ-MSC的Runx2和X型胶原蛋白的表达水平低于BM-MSC。一旦植入水凝胶支架中，WJ-MSC和BM-MSC在表型水平和基质合成上均具有不同的软骨分化特征。 4周后，嵌入三维环境的WJ-MSC能够适应其环境并表达特定的软骨相关基因和基质蛋白。今天，WJ-MSC代表了软骨组织工程中干细胞的真正替代来源。

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