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Mouse Models of Hepatitis B Virus Infection Comprising Host-Virus Immunologic Interactions

机译：包含宿主病毒免疫相互作用的乙型肝炎病毒感染的小鼠模型

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases associated with various human liver diseases, including acute, fulminant and chronic hepatitis; liver cirrhosis; and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite the availability of an HBV vaccine and the development of antiviral therapies, there are still more than 350 million chronically infected people worldwide, approximately 5% of the world population. To understand the virus biology and pathogenesis in HBV-infected patients, several animal models have been developed to mimic hepatic HBV infection and the immune response against HBV, but the narrow host range of HBV infection and lack of a full immune response spectrum in animal models remain significant limitations. Accumulating evidence obtained from studies using a variety of mouse models that recapitulate hepatic HBV infection provides several clues for understanding host-virus immunologic interactions during HBV infection, whereas the determinants of the immune response required for HBV clearance are poorly defined. Therefore, adequate mouse models are urgently needed to elucidate the mechanism of HBV elimination and identify novel targets for antiviral therapies.
机译：乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染是与各种人类肝脏疾病（包括急性，暴发性和慢性肝炎）相关的最流行的传染病之一;肝硬化和肝细胞癌。尽管可获得HBV疫苗并已开发出抗病毒疗法，但全世界仍有超过3.5亿慢性感染者，约占世界人口的5％。为了了解HBV感染患者的病毒生物学和发病机理，已经开发了多种动物模型来模拟肝HBV感染和针对HBV的免疫反应，但是动物模型中HBV感染的宿主范围较窄且缺乏完整的免疫反应谱仍然存在重大局限性。从使用各种小鼠模型总结肝HBV感染的研究中获得的越来越多的证据为理解HBV感染期间宿主病毒免疫相互作用提供了一些线索，而对HBV清除所需的免疫应答的决定因素却定义不清。因此，迫切需要足够的小鼠模型来阐明HBV消除的机制并确定抗病毒疗法的新靶标。

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