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Interstellar travels aboard radiation-powered rockets

机译：星际旅行乘坐辐射动力火箭

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We model accelerated trips at high velocity aboard light sails (beam-powered propulsion in general) and radiation rockets (thrust by anisotropic emission of radiation) in terms of Kinnersley’s solution of general relativity and its associated geodesics. The analysis of radiation rockets relativistic kinematics shows that the true problem of interstellar travel is not really the amount of propellant nor the duration of the trip but rather its tremendous energy cost. Indeed, a flyby of Proxima Centauri with an ultralight gram-scale laser sail would require the energy produced by a 1?GW power plant during about one day, while more than 15 times the current world energy production would be required for sending a 100?tons radiation rocket to the nearest star system. The deformation of the local celestial sphere aboard radiation rockets is obtained through the null geodesics of Kinnersley’s spacetime in the Hamiltonian formulation. It is shown how relativistic aberration and the Doppler effect for the accelerated traveler differ from their description in special relativity for motion at constant velocity. We also show how our results could interestingly be extended to extremely luminous events like the large amount of gravitational waves emitted by binary black hole mergers.
机译：我们根据Kinnersley的广义相对论及其相关的大地测量学方法，对轻风帆（一般为光束驱动的推进器）和辐射火箭（由辐射的各向异性发射引起的推力）上的高速旅行进行建模。对辐射火箭相对论运动学的分析表明，星际旅行的真正问题实际上不是推进剂的数量，也不是旅行的持续时间，而是其巨大的能源成本。确实，使用超轻克级激光帆的Proxima Centauri掠过大约一天需要1 GW电厂产生的能量，而发送100 GW所需的能量是当前世界能源产量的15倍以上。吨辐射火箭到最近的恒星系统。辐射火箭上局部天球的变形是通过汉密尔顿公式中的Kinnersley时空的零大地测量学获得的。它显示了相对的像​​差和加速的旅行者的多普勒效应与它们在恒速运动的狭义相对论中的描述有何不同。我们还展示了如何有趣地将我们的结果扩展到极端发光的事件，例如二进制黑洞合并产生的大量引力波。

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