E?￠????cigarettes are perceived as harmless; however, evidence of their safety is lacking. New data suggests E?￠????cigarettes discharge a range of compounds capable of physiological damage to users. We previously established that cigarette smoke caused defective alveolar macrophage phagocytosis. The present study compared the effect E?￠????cigarette of components; E?￠????liquid flavors, nicotine, vegetable glycerine, and propylene glycol on phagocytosis, proinflammatory cytokine secretion, and phagocytic recognition molecule expression using differentiated THP?￠????1 macrophages. Similar to CSE, phagocytosis of NTHi bacteria was significantly decreased by E?￠????liquid flavoring (11.65?￠????15.75%) versus control (27.01%). Nicotine also decreased phagocytosis (15.26%). E?￠????liquid, nicotine, and E?￠????liquid+ nicotine reduced phagocytic recognition molecules; SR?￠????A1 and TLR?￠????2. IL?￠????8 secretion increased with flavor and nicotine, while TNF ???± , IL?￠????1 ???2 , IL?￠????6, MIP?￠????1 ???± , MIP?￠????1 ???2 , and MCP?￠????1 decreased after exposure to most flavors and nicotine. PG, VG, or PG:VG mix also induced a decrease in MIP?￠????1 ???± and MIP?￠????1 ???2 . We conclude that E?￠????cigarettes can cause macrophage phagocytic dysfunction, expression of phagocytic recognition receptors and cytokine secretion pathways. As such, E?￠????cigarettes should be treated with caution by users, especially those who are nonsmokers.
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机译：电子烟被认为是无害的;但是，缺乏安全性的证据。新数据表明，香烟中会释放出一系列对使用者造成生理损害的化合物。我们先前确定香烟烟雾会导致肺泡巨噬细胞吞噬功能缺陷。本研究比较了香烟中E 2+成分的影响。使用分化的THP 1-巨噬细胞，液体调味剂，尼古丁，植物甘油和丙二醇对吞噬作用，促炎细胞因子分泌和吞噬识别分子表达的影响。与CSE相似，通过E 2+-液体调味剂（11.65 -1.57％）显着降低了NTHi细菌的吞噬作用，而对照则为27.01％。尼古丁也减少了吞噬作用（15.26％）。液体，烟碱和液体+烟碱还原的吞噬识别分子; SR ??????? A1和TLR ??????? 2。 IL 8的分泌随着风味和尼古丁的增加而增加，而TNFα，IL 1，2，IL 6，MIP的分泌增加。暴露于大多数香料和尼古丁后，α1，MIP 1，2和MCP 1降低。 PG，VG或PG：VG的混合物也引起MIP≥1和MIP≥1≥2的降低。我们得出的结论是，E 5+香烟可引起巨噬细胞吞噬功能障碍，吞噬识别受体的表达和细胞因子分泌途径。因此，使用者，尤其是不吸烟者，应谨慎对待E- ￠香烟。
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