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首页> 外文期刊>Plant Breeding and Seed Science >Determination of deoxynivalenol and nivalenol producing chemotypes of Fusarium graminearum isolated from durum wheat in different Italian regions
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Determination of deoxynivalenol and nivalenol producing chemotypes of Fusarium graminearum isolated from durum wheat in different Italian regions

机译：测定意大利不同地区硬粒小麦中禾谷镰刀菌的脱氧雪腐烯醇和产生雪茄烯醇的化学型

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Durum wheat production in Italy is economically of great importance. Fusarium graminearum is the main fusarium head blight (FHB) causal agent in wheat, reducing both yield and grain quality. F. graminearum produces several mycotoxins and, among trichothecenes, deoxynivalenol (DON) and nivalenol (NIV) are the most studied for their toxicity towards humans and animals. DON-producing isolates can be further distinguished on the basis of the predominant acetyl-DON derivative in 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON) or 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON). In order to evaluate possible mycotoxin contamination risks in food, it is very important to know which chemotype is the prevalent in a F. graminearum population.F. graminearum sensu stricto strains were collected from symptomatic durum wheat heads and grains of several naturally infected fields located mostly in Emilia - Romagna, The Marche, Lazio, Tuscany and Umbria. A multiplex PCR in the region of genes Tri12, located in the terminal gene cluster of trichothecenes, was used to characterize 187 single-spore isolates of F. graminearum as NIV, 3-ADON and 15-ADON chemotypes.All the three chemotypes were present in the F. graminearum population studied. The most frequent chemotype was 15-ADON (83.4%), followed by 3-ADON (10.7%) and NIV (5.9%). NIV-producing isolates were found only in Emilia-Romagna (3.5%), Umbria (33.3%) and The Marche (5.7%).
机译：在意大利，硬质小麦的生产在经济上非常重要。禾谷镰刀菌（Fusarium graminearum）是小麦中镰刀菌病的主要病因，可降低单产和谷物品质。禾谷镰刀菌产生几种霉菌毒素，而在三端孢菌烯中，脱氧雪腐烯醇（DON）和雪腐烯醇（NIV）对人和动物的毒性研究最多。可以基于3-乙酰基脱氧雪茄烯醇（3-ADON）或15-乙酰基脱氧雪茄烯醇（15-ADON）中主要的乙酰基-DON衍生物，进一步区分产生DON的分离株。为了评估食物中可能存在的霉菌毒素污染风险，了解哪种化学型在禾本科镰刀菌中普遍存在是非常重要的。从有症状的硬粒​​小麦头和主要位于艾米利亚-罗马涅，马尔凯，拉齐奥，托斯卡纳和翁布里亚的几个自然感染田地的谷物中收集了禾本科严格禾本科菌株。使用位于Trichothecenes末端基因簇中的Tri12基因区域的多重PCR来鉴定187种禾谷镰孢单孢分离株的NIV，3-ADON和15-ADON化学型。在F. graminearum人群中进行了研究。最常见的化学型是15-ADON（83.4％），其次是3-ADON（10.7％）和NIV（5.9％）。仅在艾米利亚—罗马涅（3.5％），翁布里亚（33.3％）和马尔凯（5.7％）中发现了产生NIV的分离株。

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