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Visual Working Memory in Human Cortex

机译：人体皮层中的视觉工作记忆

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Visual working memory (VWM) is the ability to maintain visual information in a readily available and easily updated state. Converging evidence has revealed that VWM capacity is limited by the number of maintained objects, which is about 3 - 4 for the average human. Recent work suggests that VWM capacity is also limited by the resolution required to maintain objects, which is tied to the objects’ inherent complexity. Electroencephalogram (EEG) studies using the Contralateral Delay Activity (CDA) paradigm have revealed that cortical representations of VWM are at a minimum loosely organized like the primary visual system, such that the left side of space is represented in the right hemisphere, and vice versa. Recent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) work shows that the number of objects is maintained by representations in the inferior intraparietal sulcus (IPS) along dorsal parietal cortex, whereas the resolution of these maintained objects is subserved by the superior IPS and the lateral occipital complex (LOC). These areas overlap with recently-discovered, retinotopically-organized visual field maps (VFMs) spanning the IPS (IPS-0/1/2/3/4/5), and potentially maps in lateral occipital cortex, such as LO-1/2, and/or TO-1/2 (hMT+). Other fMRI studies have implicated early VFMs in posterior occipital cortex, suggesting that visual areas V1-hV4 are recruited to represent information in VWM. Insight into whether and how these VFMs subserve VWM may illuminate the nature of VWM. In addition, understanding the nature of these maps may allow a greater investigation into individual differences among subjects and even between hemispheres within subjects.
机译：视觉工作记忆（VWM）是将视觉信息保持在随时可用且易于更新的状态的能力。越来越多的证据表明，VWM的容量受所维护物体的数量的限制，对于一般人来说，该数量约为3-4。最近的工作表明，VWM的容量还受到维护对象所需的分辨率的限制，而分辨率取决于对象的固有复杂性。使用对侧延迟活动（CDA）范例的脑电图（EEG）研究表明，VWM的皮质表示至少像原始视觉系统一样松散地组织起来，使得空间的左侧代表了右半球，反之亦然。最近的功能磁共振成像（fMRI）工作表明，沿顶顶皮质的下顶壁沟（IPS）中的表示形式可以维持对象的数量，而上层IPS和枕叶外侧复合体可以维护这些对象的分辨率（LOC）。这些区域与横跨IPS（IPS-0 / 1/2/3/4/5）的最近发现的视网膜组织化视野图（VFM）和潜在的枕后皮质（例如LO-1 / 2和/或TO-1 / 2（hMT +）。其他功能磁共振成像研究表明枕后叶皮质中存在早期VFM，提示视觉区域V1-hV4已被招募以代表VWM中的信息。深入了解这些VFM是否以及如何为VWM提供服务可以阐明VWM的本质。另外，了解这些图的性质可以允许对受试者之间甚至受试者内半球之间的个体差异进行更大的研究。

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