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Kinetic Analysis of Swimming Flip-Turn Push-Off Techniques

机译：游泳翻转翻转技术的动力学分析

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The aims of the present study were to examine the influences of different push-off techniques on kinetic and kinematic parameters both in and out of the water. The two techniques were: (1) a push off that was characterized by rapid extension of knees and hips towards the wall, prior to contact (i.e., no countermovement), and, (2) where the swimmer glides into the wall, letting the wall flex the knees in an approximate countermovement or eccentric phase. Twenty trained male and female freestyle swimmers (age 26.1 ± 9.9 years, height 1.61 ± 0.04 m, and weight 65.6 ± 19.3 kg) participated. Data were analyzed by employing two (i.e., land and water) 3 (variables of interest) x 2 (push-off type) repeated measures ANOVAs with the alpha level set a priori at 05. Results indicated that there were significant main effects for peak perpendicular force ( p 0.001), perpendicular impulse ( p = 0.018), and velocity at 2.5 m ( p = 0.005) on land. However, no significant effects were found between techniques in the water trials. As many of the participants were master swimmers, it is possible that they were unable to approach the wall in the water at the requisite speed to elicit a benefit from the countermovement.
机译：本研究的目的是研究不同下水技术对水中和水中的动力学和运动学参数的影响。这两种技术是：（1）推倒动作，其特征是膝盖和臀部在接触之前迅速向墙壁伸展（即无反运动），并且（2）游泳者滑入墙壁时，让墙壁在大约反向运动或偏心阶段弯曲膝盖。参加训练的二十名男女自由泳运动员（年龄26.1±9.9岁，身高1.61±0.04 m，体重65.6±19.3 kg）。通过使用两个（即土地和水）3（感兴趣的变量）x 2（下推型）重复测量方差分析来分析数据，其方差水平的先验值设置为05。结果表明，对峰值具有明显的主要影响垂直力（p <0.001），垂直冲击力（p = 0.018）和地面上2.5 m处的速度（p = 0.005）。但是，在水试验中，各技术之间未发现明显的影响。由于许多参与者都是高级游泳者，因此他们可能无法以所需的速度接近水中的壁，以从反冲中受益。

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