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The neuropsychology of emerging psychosis and the role of working memory in episodic memory encoding

机译：新兴精神病的神经心理学和工作记忆在情景记忆编码中的作用

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Background: Episodic memory encoding and working memory (WM) deficits are among the first cognitive signs and symptoms in the course of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. However, it is not clear whether the deficit pattern is generalized or specific in nature. We hypothesized that encoding deficits at an early stage of the disease might be due to the more fundamental WM deficits. Methods: We examined episodic memory encoding and WM by administering the California Verbal Learning Test, a 2-back task, and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test in 90 first-episode psychosis (FE) patients and 116 individuals with an at-risk mental state for psychosis (ARMS) compared to 57 healthy subjects. Results: Learning progress, but not span of apprehension, was diminished to a similar extent in both the ARMS and the FE. We showed that this was due to WM impairment by applying a structural equation approach. Conclusion: Thus, we conclude that verbal memory encoding deficits are secondary to primary WM impairment in emerging psychosis.
机译：背景：阵发性记忆编码和工作记忆（WM）缺陷是精神分裂症谱系障碍过程中的首批认知体征和症状。但是，尚不清楚赤字模式是广义的还是特定的。我们假设在疾病早期编码缺陷可能是由于更基本的WM缺陷。方法：我们通过对90名首发精神病（FE）患者和116名精神状态处于危险状态的个体进行了加利福尼亚州口头学习测验，一项2向后任务和威斯康星卡片分类测验，研究了情景记忆编码和WM。精神病（ARMS）与57位健康受试者相比。结果：在ARMS和FE中，学习进度（而不是忧虑程度）均降低了类似程度。通过应用结构方程方法，我们证明这是由于WM损伤所致。结论：因此，我们得出结论，言语记忆编码缺陷是继发于精神病的原发性WM损害的继发因素。

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