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Schizophrenia outcome measures in the wider international community

机译：国际社会的精神分裂症预后指标

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Background Outcome of schizophrenia has been described as favourable in low- and middle-income countries. Recently, researchers have questioned these findings. Aims To examine the outcome studies carried out in different countries specifically looking at those from low- and middle-income countries. Methods Long-term course and outcome studies in schizophrenia were reviewed. Results A wide variety of outcome measures are used. The most frequent are clinical symptoms, hospitalisation and mortality (direct indicators), and social/occupational functioning, marriage, social support and burden of care (indirect indicators). Areas such as cognitive function, duration of untreated psychosis, quality of life and effect of medication have not been widely studied in low- and middle-income countries. Conclusions The outcome of schizophrenia appears to be better in low- and middle-income countries. A host of sociocultural factors have been cited as contributing to this but future research should aim to understand this better outcome. There is a need for more culture-specific instruments to measure outcomes.
机译：背景精神分裂症的结果在中低收入国家被认为是有利的。最近，研究人员对这些发现提出了质疑。目的考察在不同国家进行的结果研究，特别是针对中低收入国家的结果研究。方法回顾了精神分裂症的长期病程和预后。结果使用了多种结果指标。最常见的是临床症状，住院和死亡率（直接指标），以及社会/职业功能，婚姻，社会支持和护理负担（间接指标）。在低收入和中等收入国家，尚未广泛研究认知功能，未治疗的精神病病程，生活质量和药物作用等领域。结论在低收入和中等收入国家，精神分裂症的预后较好。许多社会文化因素被认为是造成这种情况的原因，但是未来的研究应该旨在了解这种更好的结果。需要更多针对特定文化的工具来衡量结果。

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