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Vaccination for the control of childhood bacterial pneumonia — Haemophilus influenzae type b and pneumococcal vaccines

机译：预防儿童细菌性肺炎的疫苗接种-乙型流感嗜血杆菌和肺炎球菌疫苗

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摘要

Pneumonia in childhood is endemic in large parts of the world and in particular, in developing countries, as well as in many indigenous communities within developed nations. Haemophilus influenzae type b and Streptococcus pneumoniae conjugate vaccines are currently available against the leading bacterial causes of pneumonia. The use of the vaccines in both industrialised and developing countries have shown a dramatic reduction in the burden of pneumonia and invasive disease in children. However, the greatest threat facing pneumococcal conjugate vaccine effectiveness is serotype replacement. The current vaccines provide serotype-specific, antibody-mediated protection against only a few of the 90+ capsule serotypes. Therefore, there has been a focus in recent years to rapidly advance technologies that will result in broader disease coverage and more affordable vaccines that can be used in developing countries. The next generation of pneumococcal vaccines have advanced to clinical trials.
机译：儿童肺炎在世界大部分地区特别是在发展中国家以及发达国家内的许多土著社区中很流行。目前可获得b型流感嗜血杆菌和肺炎链球菌结合疫苗，用于预防引起肺炎的主要细菌病原。在工业化国家和发展中国家使用疫苗已显示出儿童肺炎和侵袭性疾病负担的显着降低。但是，肺炎球菌结合疫苗有效性面临的最大威胁是血清型替代。当前的疫苗仅针对90多种胶囊血清型中的几种提供血清型特异性，抗体介导的保护。因此，近年来一直关注快速发展的技术，这些技术将导致可在发展中国家使用的更广泛的疾病覆盖范围和更实惠的疫苗。下一代肺炎球菌疫苗已经进入临床试验。

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