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首页> 外文期刊>The EPMA journal. >Predictive diagnostics in colorectal cancer: impact of genetic polymorphisms on individual outcomes and treatment with fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy
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Predictive diagnostics in colorectal cancer: impact of genetic polymorphisms on individual outcomes and treatment with fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy

机译：大肠癌的预测诊断：遗传多态性对个体结局的影响以及基于氟嘧啶的化学疗法的治疗

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The 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy is a standard treatment for patients with colorectal cancer. However, a relevant number of patients suffer from severe toxic side effects, such as haemotoxicity, while lacking clinical response to adjuvant therapy. The inter-individual variations of drug toxicity and efficacy of the pyrimidine antagonist observed in clinical practice are mainly determined by genetic polymorphisms. The screening of genotypes, such as thymidylate synthase, dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase, orotate phosphoribosyltransferase or glutathione S-transferase, could help identifying those patients with colorectal carcinoma who can actually benefit from a 5-FU-based therapy. The current chapter elucidates the roles of the polymorphisms in the enzymes involved in the 5-FU metabolic pathway as prognostic and predictive markers. It reports on the relationship between various genotypes in patients with colorectal carcinoma and their responsiveness to a 5-FU-based chemotherapy, and concludes with an outlook on possible future directions in treatment of colorectal cancer.
机译：基于5-氟尿嘧啶（5-FU）的化学疗法是结直肠癌患者的标准治疗方法。然而，相当多的患者遭受严重的毒副作用，例如血液毒性，同时缺乏对辅助治疗的临床反应。在临床实践中观察到的嘧啶拮抗剂的药物毒性和功效之间的个体差异主要由遗传多态性决定。筛查胸苷酸合酶，二氢嘧啶脱氢酶，亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶，乳清酸磷酸核糖基转移酶或谷胱甘肽S-转移酶等基因型可以帮助确定那些实际上可以受益于基于5-FU治疗的结直肠癌患者。本章阐明了5-FU代谢途径中涉及的酶多态性作为预后和预测指标的作用。它报告了结直肠癌患者各种基因型与它们对基于5-FU的化疗的反应性之间的关系，并总结了对结直肠癌治疗的可能未来方向的展望。

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