Antidyslipidaemic effect of Aegle marmelos Linn. fruit on Isoproterenol induced myocardial injury in rats

Gadham setty Saayi Krushna; Mohammed Abdul Kareem; Kodidhela Lakshmi Devi

摘要

The present study was designed to verify the antidyslipidemic effect of Aegle marmelos Linn. unripe fruit aqueous extract (AMUFAEt) against isoproterenol (IPL) induced cardiac stressed rats. Rats were divided into four groups (of six each): group I of healthy controls, group II of AMUFAEt treated (150 mg/kg body weight, for 45 days), group III of IPL treated rats (85 mg/kg body weight, once a day for 2 days) and group IV of AMUFAEt treated (150 mg/kg body weight, for 45days) and then IPL administered. The levels of total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) and phospholipids (PL) was significantly increased, while the levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglycerides (TG) decreased in serum of IPL treated rats. In AMUFAEt pretreated rats the dyslipidaemic effects of IPL were compensated to near normal levels. Blood glucose, protein levels were not significantly altered. The study shows that the extract has significant antidyslipidaemic effect. Introduction The Indian system of medicines, Viz Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani and Homeopathic system predominantly use plant based raw materials and most of their preparations and formulations. Herbal medicines are becoming more and more popular nowadays. Among the entire flora, 35,000 to 70,000 species have been used for medicinal purposes [1]. In India, of the 17,000 species of higher plants, 7500 are known for medicinal uses. This is the highest proportion of medicinal plants known for their medical purposes in any country of the world for the existing flora of that respective country [23]. Demand for medicinal plant is increasing in both developed and developing countries due to growing recognition of natural products, being non-narcotic, having no side-effects, easily available at desirable price and sometime the only source of health care available to the poor.Many herbal secondary metabolites, chemical compounds and herbal formulations have been studied for their biological actions related to prevent human diseases by using models such as IPL-induced myocardial infarctions [45]. Since IPL induced myocardial infarction serves as a well standardized model to study the beneficial effects of many drugs. IPL, a non-selective β-adrenergic agonist, has been reported to cause oxidative stress in the myocardium resulting in infarct like necrosis of the heart muscle and increase in the levels of lipids in the myocardium [67]. Free radical generation and lipid peroxidation could be involved in IPL-induced cardiac damage [8]. The pathophysiological changes during IPL induction are comparable to those taking place in human myocardial infarction [9], due to alter lipid metabolism. In many countries, herbal therapies are among the most popular of all “alternative treatments” [1011]. Aegle marmelos has been used for centuries as an herbal medicine. It is commonly known as Bael, is indigenous to India and is one of the most useful medicinal plants in India. Its stem, bark, root, leaves and fruits have medicinal value. The ancient systems of medicine, including Roman, Ayurveda, Greek, Siddha and Unani, have mentioned its therapeutic applications in cardiovascular disorders, diabetes, diarrhea and dysentery [1213]. Other actions like antifungal [14], antibacterial[15], antiprotozoal [16], hypoglycemic [17], antioxidant [1819], antiviral [20] and cardioprotective effects have been studied using various parts of the plant [212223]. Besides its antioxidant properties, AMUFAE interacts by various other mechanisms in a complex way to elicit its therapeutic effects. Several phytochemical constituents like aegelin, alloimperatorin, marmelide, marmeline, marmelosin, marmesin, psoralen, skimming, tannic acid, xanthotoxol and β-sitosterol are reported to be present in Aegle marmelos fruit [132425]. However, AMUFAE potential as a antidyslipidemic related to cardioprotective agent has not been extensively studied. Mate

机译：本研究旨在验证Aegle marmelos Linn的抗血脂异常作用。未成熟的水果水提取物（AMUFAEt）对异丙肾上腺素（IPL）诱导的心脏应激大鼠的影响。将大鼠分为四组（每组六只）：健康对照组的第一组，接受AMUFAEt治疗的第二组（150 mg / kg体重，持续45天），经IPL治疗的大鼠的第三组（85 mg / kg体重，每天1次，共2天），第IV组经AMUFAEt治疗（150 mg / kg体重，持续45天），然后进行IPL给药。总胆固醇（TC），低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C），极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（VLDL-C）和磷脂（PL）的水平显着增加，而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C））和IPL处理的大鼠血清中的甘油三酸酯（TG）降低。在AMUFAEt预处理的大鼠中，IPL的血脂异常作用被补偿至接近正常水平。血糖，蛋白质水平无明显改变。研究表明，提取物具有明显的抗血脂异常作用。引言印度的药物体系，即阿育吠陀（Viz Ayurveda），悉达（Siddha），乌纳尼（Unani）和顺势疗法体系主要使用植物性原料及其大部分制剂和配方。如今，草药变得越来越流行。在整个植物区系中，有35,000至70,000种已用于医学目的[1]。在印度，在17,000种高等植物中，有7500种可药用。这是世界上任何国家针对该国现有植物群以医学目的而闻名的药用植物的比例最高[23]。发达国家和发展中国家对药用植物的需求都在增长，这是由于人们越来越认识到天然产物，它是非麻醉品，没有副作用，可以以合理的价格容易获得，有时是穷人可获得的唯一医疗保健来源。通过使用IPL诱发的心肌梗死等模型，研究了草药次生代谢产物，化合物和草药制剂与预防人类疾病相关的生物学作用[45]。由于IPL诱发的心肌梗塞是研究许多药物的有益作用的良好标准化模型。据报道，IPL是一种非选择性的β-肾上腺素能激动剂，可在心肌中引起氧化应激，导致心肌梗死如心肌坏死，并增加心肌中的脂质水平[67]。自由基的产生和脂质过氧化可能与IPL引起的心脏损害有关[8]。 IPL诱导期间的病理生理变化与人心肌梗死[9]中的变化相当，这归因于脂质代谢的改变。在许多国家，草药疗法是所有“替代疗法”中最流行的一种[1011]。玛格丽特山羊已经被用作草药已有数百年历史了。它通常被称为Bael，是印度本土的，是印度最有用的药用植物之一。它的茎，树皮，根，叶和果实具有药用价值。包括罗马，阿育吠陀，希腊，悉达和乌纳尼在内的古代医学体系已经提到了其在心血管疾病，糖尿病，腹泻和痢疾中的治疗应用[1213]。已使用植物的各个部位研究了其他作用，例如抗真菌[14]，抗菌[15]，抗原生动物[16]，降血糖[17]，抗氧化剂[1819]，抗病毒[20]和心脏保护作用。除了其抗氧化特性外，AMUFAE还通过各种其他机制以复杂的方式相互作用，以发挥其治疗作用。据报道，Aegle marmelos水果中存在几种植物化学成分，如爱琴素，别称欧前胡素，marmelide，marmeline，marmelosin，marmesin，补骨脂素，脱脂，鞣酸，黄嘌呤醇和β-谷甾醇[132425]。然而，尚未广泛研究AMUFAE作为与心脏保护剂有关的抗血脂异常的潜力。伴侣

Antidyslipidaemic effect of Aegle marmelos Linn. fruit on Isoproterenol induced myocardial injury in rats

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