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首页> 外文期刊>The Internet Journal of Tropical Medicine >Histological Studies Of The Effects Of Oral Administration Of Artesunate On The Superior Colliculus Of Adult Wistar Rats
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Histological Studies Of The Effects Of Oral Administration Of Artesunate On The Superior Colliculus Of Adult Wistar Rats

机译：青蒿琥酯口服给药对成年Wistar大鼠上丘毛囊影响的组织学研究

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The histological effect of oral administration of artesunate commonly used for the treatment of Malaria on one of the visual relay centres namely the superior colliculus (SC) of adult Wistar rat was carefully studied. The rats of both sexes (n=24), average weight of 210g were randomly assigned into three treatment (n=18) and control (n=6) groups. The rats in the treatment group 'A' received 4mg/kg body weight of artesunate base dissolved in distilled water daily for 3 days, through orogastric tube. The animals in groups 'B' and 'C' received 4mg/kg body weight of artesunate base dissolved in distilled water for the first day and thereafter received 2mg/kg body weight daily for six and thirteen days through the same route respectively, while that of the control group D, received equal volume of distilled water daily during the period of the experiment. The rats were fed with grower's mash obtained from Edo Feeds and Flour Mill Ltd, Ewu, Edo State, Nigeria and were given water liberally. The rats were sacrificed on day four, eight and fifteen of the experiment. The Superior colliculus was carefully dissected out and quickly fixed in 10% formal saline for histological studies. The histological findings after H&E method indicated that the treated section of the Superior colliculus showed some varying degree of cell clustering, cellular hypertrophy, and intercellular vacuolations appearing in the stroma of the superior colliculus. Varying dosage and long administration of artesunate may have some deleterious effects on the neurons of the intracranial visual relay centre and this may probably have some adverse effects on visual sensibilities by its deleterious effects on the cells of the superior colliculus of adult Wistar rats. It is therefore recommended that further studies aimed at corroborating these observations be carried out. Introduction Malaria remains one of the world's most significant health problems despite increasing research and control efforts1. The occurrence of malaria during pregnancy exposes the mother and infants to serious risks. It is therefore imperative that pregnant women be protected against malaria; and that pregnant women with malaria receive treatment as soon as possible2. Artesunate is one of the numerous drugs for malaria intervention in Nigeria. It is a semi synthetic derivative of artemisinin, the active compound of the Chinese herb Artemisia annua which consist of the sodium succinyl salt of dehyroartemisinin3. Artemisinin-type compounds reduce malaria parasitemia more rapidly than any other known antimalarial drugs and are effective against multi drug resistant malaria parasites4,5. Artesunate is highly effective against multi-drug resistant strains of plasmodium falciparum hence its increasingly wide usage for the treatment and management of malaria6. Artesunate is well tolerated at therapeutic doses; therefore a lot of people, pregnant women inclusive take the drug. Several studies have shown that high doses of artesunate can produce neurotoxicity such as selective damage to brainstem centres in mice and rats7,8,9. Artesunate have been reported to cause gait disturbances, loss of spinal cord and pain response mechanisms in animals10,11.The superior colliculus and lateral geniculate body constitute the intracranial visual relay centres. The superior colliculus has a critical role in visual localization, orientation tracking movements, accommodation and pupiliary reflex12. An analysis of effective connectivity demonstrated that the search-dependent variance in the activity of the superior colliculus was significantly influenced by the activity in a network of cortical regions including the right frontal eye fields and bilateral parietal and occipital cortices13. Cerebral nuclei such as the medial and lateral geniculate bodies, inferior and superior colliculi have higher glucose utilization than other structures14. There is also a correlation between functional activity and metabolic rate such as i
机译：仔细研究了通常用于治疗疟疾的青蒿琥酯的口服对一个视觉中继中心即成年Wistar大鼠的上丘（SC）的组织学作用。性别（n = 24），平均体重210g的大鼠随机分为3组（n = 18）和对照组（n = 6）。治疗组“ A”的大鼠通过口胃管每天接受4mg / kg体重的青蒿琥酯碱溶解在蒸馏水中，持续3天。 “ B”和“ C”组中的动物在第一天接受溶于蒸馏水中的青蒿琥酯碱4mg / kg体重，此后通过相同途径分别接受六天和十三天的2mg / kg体重，而在实验期间，对照组D每天接受等量的蒸馏水。给大鼠喂食从Edo Feeds和Flour Mill Ltd（尼日利亚，Edo State，尼日利亚）生产的子，并自由饮水。在实验的第四，八和十五天处死大鼠。仔细解剖上丘，并快速固定在10％的生理盐水中以进行组织学研究。 H＆E法后的组织学结果表明，上丘处理过的部分在上丘基质中显示出不同程度的细胞聚集，细胞肥大和细胞间空泡。青蒿琥酯的不同剂量和长期给药可能会对颅内视觉中继中心的神经元产生某些有害作用，并且可能通过对成年Wistar大鼠上丘上皮细胞的有害作用而对视觉敏感性产生一些不利影响。因此，建议进行进一步的研究以证实这些观察结果。引言尽管加大了研究和控制力度，疟疾仍然是世界上最严重的健康问题之一。怀孕期间发生疟疾使母亲和婴儿面临严重的风险。因此，必须保护孕妇免受疟疾的侵害;疟疾孕妇应尽快接受治疗2。青蒿琥酯是尼日利亚多种用于疟疾干预的药物之一。它是青蒿素的半合成衍生物，青蒿素是中草药青蒿的活性化合物，由去氢青蒿素3的琥珀酸钠盐组成。青蒿素类化合物比任何其他已知的抗疟疾药物都能更快地降低疟疾寄生虫血症，并且有效抵抗多种药物耐药的疟疾寄生虫4,5。青蒿琥酯对恶性疟原虫的多药耐药菌株非常有效，因此其在疟疾的治疗和管理中的用途越来越广泛6。青蒿琥酯在治疗剂量下耐受性良好;因此，很多人，包括孕妇在内都服用该药。几项研究表明，大剂量青蒿琥酯可产生神经毒性，例如对小鼠和大鼠脑干中枢的选择性损伤7、8、9。青蒿琥酯据报道会引起动物步态障碍，脊髓丧失和疼痛反应机制[10,11]。上丘和外侧膝状体构成颅内视觉中继中心。上丘在视觉定位，定向跟踪运动，调节和瞳孔反射中起关键作用。对有效连通性的分析表明，上丘神经活动的搜索相关方差受包括右额眼视野以及双侧顶叶和枕叶皮质的皮质区域网络中的活动的显着影响13。脑核，例如内侧和外侧膝状体，下丘脑和上丘脑比其他结构具有更高的葡萄糖利用率14。功能活动与代谢率之间也存在相关性，例如

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