Acute toxicity study of an aqueous extract of Ficus racemosa Linn. bark in albino mice

Jaykaran; Pankaj Bhardwaj; N.D. Kantharia; Priti Yadav; Arvind Panwar

摘要

It is presumed that ayurvedic drugs have lesser side effects as compared to allopathic drugs. One of such herbs “ Ficus racemosa” has been mentioned for therapy of disorders like Diabetes, acidity, asthma, dysentery, menorrhagia, glandular enlargement, sore throat etc. However no references are available regarding the toxicity study of this herb. So we confined our work on acute toxicity studies of aqueous extract of Ficus racemosa Linn. bark in albino mice. Albino mice of either sex were divided into four groups 1st group given plain water and 2nd, , 3rd , 4th given 100,300 and 1000mg of aqueous extract of herb per 100 gm body weight in single dose. After 72 hour of dose blood sample taken to determine haemoglobin, RBC count, WBC count, blood urea, blood glucose, serum Creatinine, serum cholesterol, S.G.P.T and S.G.O.T. Gross and histological examination done by veterinary pathologist. Result indicated that aqueous extract of Ficus racemosa did not have lethal effect upon 100 times of the therapeutic dose in albino mice. Although not dose dependent, this extract produced significant abnormality in liver and kidney. Fatty changes occurred in the kidneys. S.G.P.T level increased markedly. Fasting blood sugar continued to show inconsistent tendency toward hypoglycemia. Introduction In the recent years, attention has been focused at the traditional (Herbal) way of therapy. It is presumed that Ayurvedic Medicines (drugs), which is popular in our country, have lesser side effects as compared to allopathic drugs.One of such herbs “Ficus racemosa” has been mentioned for therapy of various disorders like: diabetes, amlapitta (acidity), asthma, dysentery, menorrhagia, glandular enlargement, sore throat etc. in an ancient Literature of Ayurveda 12 . Various effects of Ficus racemosa have been also studied using modern scientific methods i.e. anti-ulcer 3 & anti-secretory 4 activity, anti-protozoal 5 and anti-fungal 6 activity, hypotensive and vasodilator activity 7 , wound healing and anti-inflammatory activity 8 , hepato-protective 910 and antidiabetic 11 properties also have been reported.However, no work has been carried out regarding toxicity studies of Ficus racemosa Linn. (Bark). For this reason we confined our work on “Acute toxicity studies of an aqueous extract of Ficus-racemosa Linn. bark in albino mice.” Material And Methods Drug : The plant material ( bark of Ficus racemosa ) was collected in March – April 99, from local sources and identified with the help of a pharmacognosist of Gujarat Ayurvedic University, Jamnagar. The bark was dried for 2 to 3 weeks at room temperature and then powdered in the grinder. Then finally the aqueous extract of the bark powder was prepared 12 . Studies carried out in our department earlier have shown hypoglycemic activity in the dose range of 20-80 mg/kg and anti-ulcer activity in the dose range of 40- 200 mg/kg of body weight. Hence 100 mg/ kg is taken as rough estimate of mean of above dose ranges. 34 Animals : The Swiss albino mice weighing 30 to 60 grams of either sex respectively were produced from Laboratory Animals Resource Section, Gujarat Ayurvedic University, Jamnagar and they were fed with standard pelleted laboratory diet and ordinary tap water. The study was designed to evaluate acute toxicity of the drug.Acute Toxicity Study For evaluating acute toxicity, albino mice of either sex were housed; four animals per cage for one week to acclimatized and were provided food and water ad - libitum. Then the mice were housed one per cage for 5 days for food training i.e. ( they were provided food only for 6 hrs. / day ).Then the mice were divided into 4 groups: (6 mice in each group) Allocation was done in randomized fashion. Average food intake for three days was measured in all animals, before starting the experiment. First group received plain water only, and was used as control. Group 2, 3 and 4 were treated orally with 100 mg, 300 mg and 1000 mg per 100 g of the Body-weight single do

机译：据推测，与同种疗法药物相比，阿育吠陀药物的副作用较小。已经提到一种这样的草药“榕榕”用于治疗诸如糖尿病，酸度，哮喘，痢疾，月经过多，腺体肿大，喉咙痛等疾病。但是，关于该草药的毒性研究尚无参考文献。因此，我们的工作仅限于总状榕榕水提物的急性毒性研究。白化病小鼠的树皮。将两性的白化病小鼠分为四组：第一组给以白开水，第二组，第三组，第四组给以100,300和1000mg每100克体重的草药水提液一次。剂量给药72小时后，采集血样以确定血红蛋白，RBC计数，WBC计数，尿素，血糖，血清肌酐，血清胆固醇，S.G.P.T和S.G.O.T.兽医病理学家进行肉眼和组织学检查。结果表明，白花榕水提取物对白化病小鼠治疗剂量的100倍没有致死作用。尽管不是剂量依赖性的，但这种提取物在肝脏和肾脏中产生了明显的异常。肾脏发生脂肪变化。 S.G.P.T水平明显提高。空腹血糖继续显示出低血糖的不一致趋势。引言近年来，注意力集中在传统的（草药）治疗方法上。据推测，在印度流行的印度草药药（Ayurvedic Medicines）比同种疗法药物具有较小的副作用。其中一种名为“无花果榕”的草药被用于治疗多种疾病，例如：糖尿病，氨氯地平（酸度）），哮喘，痢疾，月经过多，腺体肿大，喉咙痛等。在阿育吠陀的古代文献12中。还使用现代科学方法研究了榕树的多种作用，即抗溃疡3和抗分泌4活性，抗原生动物5和抗真菌6活性，降压和血管舒张活性7，伤口愈合和抗炎活性8还已经报道了具有保护肝的910和抗糖尿病的11种特性。然而，尚未进行有关榕榕的毒性研究的工作。（吠）。因此，我们的工作局限于“无花果榕水提取物的急性毒性研究”。白化病小鼠的树皮。”材料和方法药物：植物材料（无花果树皮）于3月– 99日从当地来源收集，并在贾姆纳加尔古吉拉特邦阿育吠陀大学药理学家的帮助下鉴定。树皮在室温下干燥2至3周，然后在研磨机中粉化。然后最后制备树皮粉的水提取物12。我们部门较早前进行的研究表明，降血糖活性在20-80 mg / kg体重范围内，抗溃疡活性在40-200 mg / kg体重范围内。因此，将100 mg / kg作为上述剂量范围平均值的粗略估计。 34动物：分别从古纳拉特邦阿育吠陀大学Jamnagar的实验动物资源处生产体重分别为30至60克的瑞士白化病小鼠，并喂以标准的实验室颗粒饲料和普通自来水。该研究旨在评估该药物的急性毒性。急性毒性研究为了评估急性毒性，饲养了两性的白化病小鼠。每个笼子中四只动物适应一个星期，并随意提供食物和水。然后将小鼠每笼圈养一只，进行5天的食物训练，即（每天只提供6小时的食物）。然后将小鼠分为4组：（每组6只）随机分配时尚。开始实验前，测量所有动物三天的平均食物摄入量。第一组仅接受白开水，并用作对照组。第2、3和4组每100克体重单剂量口服100毫克，300毫克和1000毫克治疗

Acute toxicity study of an aqueous extract of Ficus racemosa Linn. bark in albino mice

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