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首页> 外文期刊>The Open Ornithology Journal >Perinatal Acoustic Communication in Birds: Why Do Birds Vocalize in theEgg?
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Perinatal Acoustic Communication in Birds: Why Do Birds Vocalize in theEgg?

机译：鸟类的围产期声学交流：为什么鸟类在卵内发声？

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In this review the development of acoustic communication between embryos or between embryos and chicks aswell as between embryos/chicks and the breeding parents will be addressed. Special emphasis is given to the impact ofembryonic acoustic signals for hatching synchronization.In the Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata L. f. domestica) clicking sound communication is absolutely essential for asynchronized hatching. The mechanism underlying this special case of communication is a synchronization of clickingrates. In a clutch, embryos adapt their clicking rates to each other. Clicking rates of less developed embryos rose faster(acceleration) than clicking rates of more developed embryos (retardation). No evidence was found that vocalization ofembryos, chicks and parents improve hatching synchronization.Although, many authors assume that prenatal acoustic interaction by vocalization (an exchange of acoustic signals) exists,in the Muscovy duck it was shown that an acoustic interaction started when the first embryo had hatched. Specific calltypes serve as communication-releasing signals. Acoustic mother-duckling interaction developed later and graduallyduring the process of nest-leaving also based on specific call types.Measurements on sound transmission indicate that all embryos within a clutch are in mutual acoustic contact.
机译：在这篇综述中，将探讨胚胎之间或胚胎与小鸡之间以及胚胎/小鸡与育种父母之间的声学​​交流的发展。特别强调了胚音信号对孵化同步的影响。在番鸭（Cairina moschata L. f。domestica）中，单击声音通信对于异步孵化是绝对必要的。这种通信的特殊情况所基于的机制是点击率的同步。在离合器中，胚胎使彼此的点击率相互适应。较不发达的胚胎的点击率上升（加速）快于较不发达的胚胎的点击率（延迟）。没有证据表明胚胎，雏鸡和父母的发声会改善孵化的同步性。尽管许多作者认为，通过发声的产前声学交互作用（声学信号交换）存在于番鸭中，但事实表明，这种声音互动是在第一次孵化时开始的。胚胎已经孵出。特定的呼叫类型用作释放通信的信号。雏鸭之间的声音相互作用后来发展起来，并在巢期的过程中也根据特定的呼叫类型逐渐发展。对声音传播的测量表明，离合器中的所有胚胎都处于相互的声音接触中。

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