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首页> 外文期刊>The Open Vaccine Journal >Japanese Encephalitis: Epidemiology and Current Perspectives in Vaccines
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Japanese Encephalitis: Epidemiology and Current Perspectives in Vaccines

机译:日本脑炎:疫苗的流行病学和当前观点。

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Japanese encephalitis is a major cause of encephalitis in Asia. An estimated 50 000 cases occur in largely ruralareas of the south and east Asian region resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. While the disease has declined inJapan, South Korea, Thailand and China, it has extended in other parts of the region, including India and Nepal. Diagnosisof the disease is largely based on clinical signs and symptoms, and treatment remains supportive. Further work is neededto provide rapid reliable diagnostics and improved surveillance. Vaccination is the mainstay of preventing serious diseasein humans. The mouse brain derived vaccine is the most widely used vaccine though there are safety concerns. A live (SA14-14-2) vaccine is increasingly being used though regulatory issues around production need to be resolved. There arealso promising new vaccines undergoing clinical trials that show potential for wide scale use. Vaccine schedules, surveillanceof adverse events, and setting up effective vaccination programmes are important issues that need addressing tomaximise the impact of the available vaccines.
机译:日本脑炎是亚洲脑炎的主要原因。据估计,在南亚和东亚地区的大部分农村地区发生了5万例病例,造成了高发病率和死亡率。尽管该病在日本,韩国,泰国和中国有所下降,但在该地区的其他地区也有所蔓延,包括印度和尼泊尔。该疾病的诊断主要基于临床体征和症状,并且治疗仍然是支持的。需要做进一步的工作以提供快速可靠的诊断和改进的监视。疫苗接种是预防人类严重疾病的主要手段。尽管出于安全考虑,小鼠脑源性疫苗是使用最广泛的疫苗。尽管需要解决生产方面的监管问题,但越来越多地使用活(SA14-14-2)疫苗。也有一些有前途的新疫苗正在接受临床试验,显示出广泛使用的潜力。疫苗时间表,不良事件监测以及建立有效的疫苗接种计划是需要解决的重要问题,以最大程度地利用现有疫苗的影响。

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