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In Vitro Differentiation and Expansion of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Pancreatic Progenitors

机译:人多能干细胞来源的胰腺祖细胞的体外分化和扩增。

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Recent progress in understanding stem cell biology has been remarkable, especially in deciphering signals that support differentiation towards tissue-specific lineages. This achievement positions us firmly at the beginning of an era of patient-specific regenerative medicine and human disease modeling. It will be necessary to equip the progress in this era with a reliable source of self-renewing progenitor cells that differentiate into functional target cells. The generation of pancreatic progenitors that mature in vivo into functional beta-cells has raised the hope for new therapeutic options in diabetes, but key challenges still remain including the production of sufficient numbers of cells for research and transplantation. Recent approaches to this problem have shown that the presence of organ- and stage-specific mesenchyme improves the generation of progenitors, from endoderm to endocrine cells. Alternatively, utilization of three-dimensional culture may improve the efficiency and yield of directed differentiation. Here, we review the current knowledge of pancreatic directed differentiation and ex vivo expansion of pancreatic progenitors, including recent advances in differentiation strategies for the generation of pancreatic progenitors, and we discuss persistent challenges which will need to be overcome before personalized cell-based therapy becomes a practical strategy.
机译:在了解干细胞生物学方面的最新进展非常显着,特别是在解密支持分化为组织特异性谱系的信号方面。这一成就将我们牢牢地定位在特定于患者的再生医学和人类疾病建模时代的开始。有必要为这一时代的进展配备可分化为功能性靶细胞的自我更新祖细胞的可靠来源。在体内成熟为功能性β细胞的胰腺祖细胞的产生,为在糖尿病中寻找新的治疗选择带来了希望,但关键的挑战仍然包括为研究和移植生产足够数量的细胞。解决该问题的最新方法表明,器官和阶段特异性间充质的存在改善了从内胚层到内分泌细胞的祖细胞的生成。或者,利用三维培养可以提高定向分化的效率和产量。在这里,我们回顾了胰腺定向分化和胰腺祖细胞的体外扩增的当前知识,包括在生成胰腺祖细胞的分化策略方面的最新进展,并讨论了在个性化基于细胞的治疗成为基础之前需要克服的持续挑战。切实可行的策略。

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