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首页> 外文期刊>Translational Developmental Psychiatry >Investigating subtypes of reward processing deficits as trait markers for depression
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Investigating subtypes of reward processing deficits as trait markers for depression

机译：研究奖赏处理缺陷的亚型作为抑郁的特征标记

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BackgroundAnhedonia, the loss of pleasure in usually enjoyable activities, is a central feature of major depressive disorder (MDD). The aim of the present study was to examine whether young people at a familial risk of depression display signs of anticipatory, motivational or consummatory anhedonia, which would indicate that these deficits may be trait markers for MDD.MethodsThe study was completed by 22 participants with a family history of depression (FH+) and 21 controls (HC). Anticipatory anhedonia was assessed by asking participants to rate their anticipated liking of pleasant and unpleasant foods which they imagined tasting when cued with images of the foods. Motivational anhedonia was measured by requiring participants to perform key presses to obtain pleasant chocolate taste rewards or to avoid unpleasant apple tastes. Additionally, physical consummatory anhedonia was examined by instructing participants to rate the pleasantness of the acquired tastes. Moreover, social consummatory anhedonia was investigated by asking participants to make preference-based choices between neutral facial expressions, genuine smiles, and polite smiles.ResultsIt was found that the FH+ group’s anticipated liking of unpleasant foods was significantly lower than that of the control group. By contrast, no group differences in the pleasantness ratings of the actually experienced tastes or in the amount of performed key presses were observed. However, controls preferred genuine smiles over neutral expressions more often than they preferred polite smiles over neutral expressions, while this pattern was not seen in the FH+ group.ConclusionThese findings suggest that FH+ individuals demonstrate an altered anticipatory response to negative stimuli and show signs of social consummatory anhedonia, which may be trait markers for depression.
机译：背景快感缺乏症（通常在愉快的活动中失去快感）是重度抑郁症（MDD）的主要特征。本研究的目的是研究处于家族性抑郁风险的年轻人是否表现出预期性，动机性或完善性快感缺乏症的迹象，这表明这些缺陷可能是MDD的特征标记。方法该研究由22名参与者完成抑郁症家族史（FH +）和21个对照（HC）。通过要求参与者对他们对愉快和令人不快的食物的预期喜好进行评估，以评估他们对食物的想象，当他们暗示食物的图像时会品尝到这种食物。动机性快感缺乏症是通过要求参与者进行按​​键操作来获得令人愉悦的巧克力味奖励或避免令人不快的苹果味来衡量的。此外，还通过指导参与者对获得的口味的愉悦度进行评估，以检查身体上的充血性快感不足。此外，通过要求参与者在中性的面部表情，真实的笑容和礼貌的笑容之间做出基于偏爱的选择，对社会消费性快感不足进行了调查。结果发现，FH +组对不愉快食物的预期喜好明显低于对照组。相比之下，在实际体验到的味道的愉悦性等级或按键执行量上没有观察到群体差异。然而，与FH +组相比，对照组比中立表情更喜欢真正的微笑而不是礼貌的微笑，虽然这种模式在FH +组中没有见到。充血性快感缺乏症，可能是抑郁的特征标记。

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