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首页> 外文期刊>Water >Human Exposure Risk Assessment Due to Heavy Metals in Groundwater by Pollution Index and Multivariate Statistical Methods: A Case Study from South Africa
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Human Exposure Risk Assessment Due to Heavy Metals in Groundwater by Pollution Index and Multivariate Statistical Methods: A Case Study from South Africa

机译：基于污染指数和多元统计方法的地下水中重金属对人体的暴露风险评估：以南非为例

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摘要

Heavy metals in surface and groundwater were analysed and their sources were identified using multivariate statistical tools for two towns in South Africa. Human exposure risk through the drinking water pathway was also assessed. Electrical conductivity values showed that groundwater is desirable to permissible for drinking except for six locations. Concentration of aluminium, lead and nickel were above the permissible limit for drinking at all locations. Boron, cadmium, iron and manganese exceeded the limit at few locations. Heavy metal pollution index based on ten heavy metals indicated that 85% of the area had good quality water, but 15% was unsuitable. Human exposure dose through the drinking water pathway indicated no risk due to boron, nickel and zinc, moderate risk due to cadmium and lithium and high risk due to silver, copper, manganese and lead. Hazard quotients were high in all sampling locations for humans of all age groups, indicating that groundwater is unsuitable for drinking purposes. Highly polluted areas were located near the coast, close to industrial operations and at a landfill site representing human-induced pollution. Factor analysis identified the four major pollution sources as: (1) industries; (2) mining and related activities; (3) mixed sources- geogenic and anthropogenic and (4) fertilizer application.
机译：分析了地表和地下水中的重金属，并使用多元统计工具确定了南非两个镇的重金属来源。还评估了通过饮水途径的人体暴露风险。电导率值表明，除六个位置外，地下水都是允许饮用的。铝，铅和镍的浓度在所有地方都超过了允许的饮用极限。硼，镉，铁和锰在几个地方超过了限量。以十种重金属为基础的重金属污染指数表明，该地区85％的水质良好，但15％的水质不适宜。通过饮水途径的人体暴露剂量表明，硼，镍和锌无风险，镉和锂有中等风险，银，铜，锰和铅有高风险。对于所有年龄段的人群，在所有采样地点的危险商均很高，表明地下水不适合饮用。污染严重的地区位于海岸附近，靠近工业生产的地方以及代表人为污染的垃圾掩埋场。因子分析确定了四个主要污染源：（1）工业; （二）采矿及有关活动; （3）混合来源-地源和人为来源，以及（4）施肥。

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