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首页> 外文期刊>Water >Transparency, Geomorphology and Mixing Regime Explain Variability in Trends in Lake Temperature and Stratification across Northeastern North America (1975–2014)
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Transparency, Geomorphology and Mixing Regime Explain Variability in Trends in Lake Temperature and Stratification across Northeastern North America (1975–2014)

机译：透明度，地貌学和混合制度解释了北美东北部（1975-2014年）湖泊温度和分层趋势中的变化。

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Lake surface water temperatures are warming worldwide, raising concerns about the future integrity of valuable lake ecosystem services. In contrast to surface water temperatures, we know far less about what is happening to water temperature beneath the surface, where most organisms live. Moreover, we know little about which characteristics make lakes more or less sensitive to climate change and other environmental stressors. We examined changes in lake thermal structure for 231 lakes across northeastern North America (NENA), a region with an exceptionally high density of lakes. We determined how lake thermal structure has changed in recent decades (1975–2012) and assessed which lake characteristics are related to changes in lake thermal structure. In general, NENA lakes had increasing near-surface temperatures and thermal stratification strength. On average, changes in deepwater temperatures for the 231 lakes were not significantly different than zero, but individually, half of the lakes experienced warming and half cooling deepwater temperature through time. More transparent lakes (Secchi transparency >5 m) tended to have higher near-surface warming and greater increases in strength of thermal stratification than less transparent lakes. Whole-lake warming was greatest in polymictic lakes, where frequent summer mixing distributed heat throughout the water column. Lakes often function as important sentinels of climate change, but lake characteristics within and across regions modify the magnitude of the signal with important implications for lake biology, ecology and chemistry.
机译：全世界的湖泊地表水温度都在升高，这引发了人们对宝贵的湖泊生态系统服务的未来完整性的担忧。与地表水温度相比，我们对大多数生物所居住的地表以下水温所发生的情况知之甚少。此外，我们对哪些特征使湖泊或多或少对气候变化和其他环境压力敏感的知识知之甚少。我们研究了北美东北部（NENA）的231个湖泊的湖热结构变化，NENA是一个湖泊密度极高的地区。我们确定了近几十年来（1975-2012年）湖泊热结构的变化，并评估了哪些湖泊特征与湖泊热结构的变化有关。通常，NENA湖泊的近地表温度和热分层强度都在增加。平均而言，231个湖泊的深水温度变化与零没有显着差异，但是就时间而言，一半的湖泊经历了深水温度的升高和冷却。与不那么透明的湖泊相比，更透明的湖泊（Secchi透明度> 5 m）往往具有更高的近地表升温和更大的热分层强度。在多片湖泊中，全湖增温最大，那里夏季频繁混合，使热量散布在整个水柱中。湖泊通常是气候变化的重要标志，但是区域内和区域间的湖泊特征改变了信号的强度，对湖泊生物学，生态学和化学意义重大。

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