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Modeling the Multi-Seasonal Link between the Hydrodynamics of a Reservoir and Its Hydropower Plant Operation

机译：水库水动力与水力发电厂运行之间的多季节联系建模

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The hydrodynamics of many hydropower reservoirs are controlled by the operation of their power plant, but the associated water quality impact is often poorly understood. In particular, significant hydropeaking operations by hydropower plants affect not only the downstream ecosystem but also the reservoir water temperature. This paper contributes to understanding that link. For this, we coupled a hydrodynamic model (Estuary, Lake and Coastal Ocean Model, ELCOM) to a grid-wide power system scheduling model. In a case study (Rapel, Chile), we observe the behavior of variables related to the flow regime and water quality (including sub-daily hydrologic alteration, seasonal and sub-daily thermal pollution of the downstream river, and vertical mixing in the reservoir). Additionally, we evaluate how environmental constraints (ECs) can improve the conditions for a wet, normal and dry water-type year. We found that the unconstrained operation produces a strong sub-daily hydrologic alteration as well as an intense thermal pollution of the outflow. We show that these effects can clearly be avoided when implementing ECs. The current (unconstrained) vertical mixing makes the reservoir susceptible to algae blooms. Implementing ECs may intensify the stratification in the reservoir near the dam in some scenarios. The grid-wide economic cost of Rapel’s ECs is a modest 0.3%.
机译：许多水力发电厂的水动力是由其发电厂的运行控制的，但是对水质的相关影响往往知之甚少。特别是，水力发电厂的大量水位峰值运行不仅会影响下游生态系统，还会影响水库水温。本文有助于理解该链接。为此，我们将水动力模型（海口，湖泊和沿海海洋模型，ELCOM）与全电网电力系统调度模型相结合。在一个案例研究中（智利的拉佩尔），我们观察了与水流状况和水质相关的变量的行为（包括次日水文变化，下游河流的季节性和次日热污染以及水库的垂直混合） ）。此外，我们评估了环境限制（EC）如何改善湿水，正常水和干水类型年份的条件。我们发现，不受约束的运行会产生强大的次日水文变化以及对流出物的强烈热污染。我们表明，实施EC可以明显避免这些影响。当前（不受约束的）垂直混合使得该储层易受藻华的影响。在某些情况下，实施EC可能会加剧大坝附近水库的分层。 Rapel的EC的全网经济成本仅为0.3％。

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