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Modes of Human T Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Transmission, Replication and Persistence

机译:人类T细胞白血病病毒1型传播,复制和持久性的模式

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Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a retrovirus that causes cancer (Adult T cell Leukemia, ATL) and a spectrum of inflammatory diseases (mainly HTLV-associated myelopathy—tropical spastic paraparesis, HAM/TSP). Since virions are particularly unstable, HTLV-1 transmission primarily occurs by transfer of a cell carrying an integrated provirus. After transcription, the viral genomic RNA undergoes reverse transcription and integration into the chromosomal DNA of a cell from the newly infected host. The virus then replicates by either one of two modes: (i) an infectious cycle by virus budding and infection of new targets and (ii) mitotic division of cells harboring an integrated provirus. HTLV-1 replication initiates a series of mechanisms in the host including antiviral immunity and checkpoint control of cell proliferation. HTLV-1 has elaborated strategies to counteract these defense mechanisms allowing continuous persistence in humans.
机译:1型人类T细胞白血病病毒(HTLV-1)是一种逆转录病毒,可引起癌症(成人T细胞白血病,ATL)和多种炎症性疾病(主要是HTLV相关性脊髓病-热带痉挛性轻瘫,HAM / TSP)。由于病毒体特别不稳定,因此HTLV-1的传播主要通过携带整合了原病毒的细胞的转移而发生。转录后,病毒基因组RNA经历逆转录并整合到新感染宿主的细胞的染色体DNA中。然后,该病毒通过以下两种模式之一进行复制:(i)通过病毒萌芽和感染新靶标而形成的感染周期;以及(ii)带有整合前病毒的细胞的有丝分裂分裂。 HTLV-1复制在宿主中启动了一系列机制,包括抗病毒免疫和细胞增殖的检查点控制。 HTLV-1已经制定了应对这些防御机制的策略,从而可以在人类中持续存在。

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