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Characterization of spatial heterogeneity of groundwater-stream water interactions using multiple depth streambed temperature measurements at the reach scale

机译:使用多个深度河床温度测量值来表征地下水与水相互作用的空间异质性

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Streambed temperatures can be easily, accurately and inexpensively measuredat many locations. To characterize patterns of groundwater-stream waterinteraction with a high spatial resolution, we measured 140 verticalstreambed temperature profiles along a 220 m section of a small man-madestream. Groundwater temperature at a sufficient depth remains nearly constantwhile stream water temperatures vary seasonally and diurnally. In summer,streambed temperatures of groundwater discharge zones are relatively colderthan downwelling zones of stream water. Assuming vertical flow in thestreambed, the observed temperatures are correlated to the magnitude of waterfluxes. The water fluxes are then estimated by applying a simple analyticalsolution of the heat conduction-advection equation to the observed verticaltemperature profiles. The calculated water fluxes through the streambedranged between 455 Lm−2 d−1 of groundwater discharging to thestream and approximately 10 Lm−2 d−1 of stream water entering thestreambed. The investigated reach was dominated by groundwater discharge withtwo distinct high discharge locations accounting for 50% of the total fluxon 20% of the reach length.
机译:可在许多位置轻松,准确且廉价地测量流床温度。为了表征具有高空间分辨率的地下水与水相互作用的模式,我们沿着一条小型人造河的220 m段测量了140条垂直河床的温度剖面。足够深度的地下水温度几乎保持恒定,而溪流水温度则季节性和昼夜变化。在夏季,地下水排放区的河床温度要比溪流下流区的温度低。假设河床中有垂直流,则观测到的温度与水通量的大小相关。然后,通过将热传导对流方程的简单解析解应用于观察到的垂直温度曲线,来估算水通量。计算得出的流经河流的水通量范围为455 Lm -2 d -1 排入河流的地下水,大约为10 Lm -2 d −1 进入河床的河水。被调查的河段以地下水排放为主,有两个明显的高排放位置,占总流量的50%,河段长度的20%。

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