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首页> 外文期刊>Hydrology and Earth System Sciences >Insights into the water mean transit time in a high-elevation tropical ecosystem
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Insights into the water mean transit time in a high-elevation tropical ecosystem

机译：对水的洞察意味着高海拔热带生态系统中的水平均传播时间

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This study focuses on the investigation of the mean transit time (MTT) of water and its spatial variability in a tropical high-elevation ecosystem (wet Andean páramo). The study site is the Zhurucay River Ecohydrological Observatory (7.53?kmsup2/sup) located in southern Ecuador. A lumped parameter model considering five transit time distribution (TTD) functions was used to estimate MTTs under steady-state conditions (i.e., baseflow MTT). We used a unique data set of the iδ/isup18/supO isotopic composition of rainfall and streamflow water samples collected for 3 years (May 2011 to May 2014) in a nested monitoring system of streams. Linear regression between MTT and landscape (soil and vegetation cover, geology, and topography) and hydrometric (runoff coefficient and specific discharge rates) variables was used to explore controls on MTT variability, as well as mean electrical conductivity (MEC) as a possible proxy for MTT. Results revealed that the exponential TTD function best describes the hydrology of the site, indicating a relatively simple transition from rainfall water to the streams through the organic horizon of the wet páramo soils. MTT of the streams is relatively short (0.15–0.73?years, 53–264?days). Regression analysis revealed a negative correlation between the catchment's average slope and MTT (iR/isup2/sup?=??0.78, ip/i?&?0.05). MTT showed no significant correlation with hydrometric variables, whereas MEC increases with MTT (iR/isup2/sup?=??0.89, ip/i?&?0.001). Overall, we conclude that (1)?baseflow MTT confirms that the hydrology of the ecosystem is dominated by shallow subsurface flow; (2)?the interplay between the high storage capacity of the wet páramo soils and the slope of the catchments provides the ecosystem with high regulation capacity; and (3)?MEC is an efficient predictor of MTT variability in this system of catchments with relatively homogeneous geology.
机译：这项研究的重点是调查热带高海拔生态系统（湿地安第斯山脉）中水的平均传播时间（MTT）及其空间变异性。研究地点是位于厄瓜多尔南部的朱鲁卡伊河生态水文观测台（7.53？km 2 ）。考虑了五个过渡时间分布（TTD）函数的集总参数模型用于估计稳态条件下的MTT（即基本流MTT）。我们使用了一个3年（2011年5月至2014年5月）收集的降雨和溪流水样品的δ 18 O同位素组成的唯一数据集流。使用MTT与景观（土壤和植被覆盖度，地质和地形）和水文（径流系数和特定排放率）变量之间的线性回归来探索MTT变异性的控制方法，以及平均电导率（MEC）作为可能的替代指标用于MTT。结果表明，指数TTD函数最能描述该地点的水文状况，表明从降雨水到通过湿páramo土壤的有机层流到溪流的转换相对简单。流的MTT相对较短（0.15-0.73年，53-264天）。回归分析显示流域平均坡度与MTT呈负相关（ R 2 ？=？0.78， p ？<？0.05） 。 MTT与水文变量没有显着相关性，而MEC随着MTT的增加而增加（ R 2 ？=？0.89， p ？<？0.001 ）。总的来说，我们得出以下结论：（1）基流MTT证实了生态系统的水文学主要由浅层地下水流主导; （2）湿润的帕拉莫土壤的高储存能力与集水区的坡度之间的相互作用为生态系统提供了高调节能力; （3）在该具有相对均匀地质的流域系统中，MEC是MTT变异性的有效预测因子。

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