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首页> 外文期刊>Hydrogeology journal >Using tracer-derived groundwater transit times to assess storage within a high-elevation watershed of the upper Colorado River Basin, USA
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Using tracer-derived groundwater transit times to assess storage within a high-elevation watershed of the upper Colorado River Basin, USA

机译：使用示踪剂衍生地下水过境时间来评估美国上层河流河流域的高海拔水域内的储存

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Previous watershed assessments have relied on annual baseflow to evaluate the groundwater contribution to streams. To quantify the volume of groundwater in storage, additional information such as groundwater mean transit time (MTT) is needed. This study determined the groundwater MTT in the West Fork Duchesne watershed in Utah (USA) with lumped-parameter modeling of environmental tracers (SF6, CFCs, and H-3/He-3) from 21 springs. Approximately 30% of the springs exhibited an exponential transit time distribution (TTD); the remaining similar to 70% were best characterized by a piston-flow TTD. The flow-weighted groundwater MTT for the West Fork watershed is about 40 years with approximately 20 years in the unsaturated zone. A cumulative distribution of these ages revealed that most of the groundwater is between 30 and 50 years old, suggesting that declining recharge associated with 5-10-year droughts is less likely to have a profound effect on this watershed compared with systems with shorter MTTs. The estimated annual baseflow of West Fork stream flow based on chemical hydrograph separation is similar to 1.7 x 10(7) m(3)/year, a proxy for groundwater discharge. Using both MTT and groundwater discharge, the volume of mobile groundwater stored in the watershed was calculated to be similar to 6.5 x 10(8) m(3), or similar to 20 m thickness of active groundwater storage and recharge of similar to 0.09 m/year (assuming porosity = 15%). Future watershed-scale assessments should evaluate groundwater MTT, in addition to annual baseflow, to quantify groundwater storage and more accurately assess watershed susceptibility to drought, groundwater extraction, and land-use change.
机译：以前的流域评估依赖于年度基础，以评估地下水对流的贡献。为了量化存储器中地下水的体积，需要诸如地下水平均转运时间（MTT）的附加信息。这项研究确定了犹他州（USA）的西叉子分水岭地下水MTT，其中包括来自21簧的环境示踪剂（SF6，CFC和H-3 / HE-3）的集合参数建模。大约30％的弹簧表现出指数转移时间分布（TTD）;其余类似于70％的最佳特征是活塞流动TTD。西叉流域的流量加权地下水MTT约为40年，在不饱和区约20年。这些年龄累累的分布透露，大多数地下水在30到50岁之间，这表明与5-10岁的干旱相关的充电率下降不太可能对与短MTTS较短的系统进行深远的影响。基于化学水管分离的西叉流的估计年度基流类似于1.7×10（7）米（3）/年，是地下水排放的代理。使用MTT和地下水放电，计算出流域中的移动地下水的体积以类似于6.5×10（8）米（3），或类似于20米的主动地下水储存和类似于0.09米的充电/年（假设孔隙度= 15％）。未来的流域规模评估应评估地下水MTT，除了年度基础外，还要量化地下水储存，更准确地评估流水，地下水提取和土地利用变化的流域易感性。

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