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Effects of fruit and vegetables intake in periodontal diseases: A systematic review

机译：水果和蔬菜摄入对牙周疾病的影响：系统评价

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Periodontal diseases affect up to 90% of the population worldwide. Deficiencies in vitamins, minerals and polyphenolic compounds, whose main sources are fruit and vegetables (F&V), may predispose to these diseases. The PICO (Patient, Intervention of interest, Comparison or Control Intervention, and Outcome) question was: What is the effect of F&V intake on the outcomes of periodontal diseases, observed in either experimental or observational studies of human populations suffering from periodontitis or gingivitis, compared to controls without intervention or healthy people. The review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol for search strategy, selection criteria and data extraction. The searched databases included MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus and Google Scholar. A total of 181 potentially relevant articles were identified, which were then evaluated according to pre-specified criteria relating to relevance and quality. Finally, 15 articles were selected for review. Four articles described intervention studies, 3 reported on prospective and retrospective cohort studies, and 8 concerned cross-sectional studies. A total of 10,604 people aged 15–90 years took part in the studies. On the basis of the research it can be concluded that the consumption of at least 5 servings of F&V per day may prevent the progression of periodontal diseases, especially periodontitis, and even tooth loss. Moreover, incorporation of specific F&V into the diet or, alternatively, their lyophilized forms, and nutritional education activities seem to support the standard of care therapy of gingivitis and periodontitis. However, further observational and well-designed experimental studies, with homogeneous periodontal status outcomes, are needed to confirm these findings. Furthermore, professional dietetics care for periodontal patients should become an integral component of the healthcare program.
机译：牙周疾病影响全世界90％的人口。维生素，矿物质和多酚化合物的缺乏（其主要来源是水果和蔬菜（F＆V））可能易患这些疾病。 PICO（患者，兴趣干预，比较或对照干预以及结果）问题是：F＆V摄入量对牙周炎或牙龈炎人群的实验研究或观察性研究对牙周疾病预后的影响是什么，与没有干预或健康人的对照相比。使用系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）协议进行检索，以进行检索策略，选择标准和数据提取。搜索的数据库包括MEDLINE（PubMed），Scopus和Google Scholar。总共确定了181条潜在相关的文章，然后根据与相关性和质量相关的预先指定的标准对其进行了评估。最后，选择了15篇文章进行审查。四篇文章描述了干预研究，三篇报道了前瞻性和回顾性队列研究，八篇涉及横断面研究。共有10,604位15-90岁的人参加了研究。根据研究可以得出结论，每天至少食用5份F＆V可以预防牙周疾病，特别是牙周炎，甚至牙齿脱落。此外，将特定的F＆V纳入饮食或冻干形式，以及营养教育活动似乎可以支持牙龈炎和牙周炎的护理治疗标准。但是，需要进一步的观察和精心设计的实验研究，以确认牙周状态的均一性，以证实这些发现。此外，针对牙周患者的专业饮食护理应成为医疗保健计划的组成部分。

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