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首页> 外文期刊>Turkish Journal of Agriculture & Forestry >Mandarin Yield Response to Partial Root Drying and Conventional Deficit Irrigation
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Mandarin Yield Response to Partial Root Drying and Conventional Deficit Irrigation

机译：普通话对部分干旱和常规亏缺灌溉的产量响应

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摘要

Fruit yield response of a mandarin (Citrus reticulata cv. Marisol) orchard to deficit irrigation, which was imposed either through conventional deficit irrigation (DI) or a newly evolving irrigation technique, called partial root drying (PRD), was investigated. The PRD practice simply requires wetting of one half of the rooting zone and leaving the other half dry, thereby utilising reduced amount of irrigation water applied. The wetted and dry sides are interchanged in the subsequent irrigations. Six irrigation treatments were tested: (1) TR, traditional farmers method of irrigation where irrigation management was left to the full control of a grower; (2) FULL irrigation where the full amount of irrigation water (60% Class-A pan evaporation) was applied to the both halves of tree-root zone; (3) 1PRD30 and (4) 1PRD50, 30 and 50% reduced amount of irrigation water, compared respectively to FULL irrigation, was applied alternately on each half side of the tree rows, and the irrigated side was changed every irrigation; (5) 2PRD50, 50% reduced amount of irrigation water was applied on each half side of the tree rows, and the irrigated side was changed every other irrigation; (6) DI50, conventional deficit irrigation where 50% reduced amount of irrigation water, compared to FULL irrigation, was applied to the both halves of the tree-root zone, similar to FULL irrigation. A randomised complete block experiment design with 6 replicates, 4 trees each, was used. The orchard had 6-year-old trees, planted in 5-m rows of a parallelogram arrangement. A drip irrigation system with 2 laterals, laid along the tree rows with trees located 1.2 m midway between the laterals, was used. The drippers with 4 l h-1 discharge rate and 75-cm spacing formed 50-cm wide wet bands during irrigation, along the laterals underneath the tree rows. The yield within the range of 36 to 37 tons ha-1 was the highest and obtained under the traditional practice (TR) of irrigation where, however, more than double the amount of irrigation water was applied, compared to the control, FULL irrigation. The yield reduction under FULL irrigation was only marginal (10% to 14%), with, however, more than a 2-fold increase of irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE), compared to TR. The treatment 1PRD30 yielded 30.6 and 27.7 tons ha-1 in 2001 and 2002, respectively, and followed the yield of control, FULL irrigation treatment. No yield benefit was obtained with the treatment of 2PRD50, which produced the lowest fruit yield, next to the conventional deficit irrigation treatment (DI50). The ranking of fruit-yields, TR>FULL>1PRD30>1PRD50, was maintained over the 2 seasons, 2001 and 2002, although the differences were marginal and not statistically significant (P <= 0.01). However, the IWUE under PRD increased significantly (P <= 0.01) to nearly 3 times that of the TR treatment.
机译：研究了柑桔（Citrus reticulata cv。Marisol）果园对亏缺灌溉的水果产量响应，这是通过常规亏缺灌溉（DI）或一种新开发的灌溉技术（称为部分根干燥（PRD））施加的。珠三角的实践只要求弄湿生根区的一半，而另一半保持干燥，从而减少灌溉用水量。湿润和干燥的一面在随后的灌溉中互换。测试了六种灌溉方法：（1）TR，传统的农民灌溉方法，灌溉管理完全由种植者控制。 （2）完全灌溉：将全部灌溉水（60％的A级锅具蒸发量）应用于树根区域的两半; （3）1PRD30和（4）1PRD50，与全量灌溉相比，分别减少了30％和50％的灌溉水量，在树排的每半边交替使用，每次灌溉时都要改变灌溉面; （5）2PRD50，在每排树木的半边减少50％的灌溉水量，每隔灌溉一次改变灌溉面; （6）DI50是常规的亏缺灌溉，与完全灌溉相比，与完全灌溉相比，灌溉用水的量比完全灌溉减少了50％。使用了一个随机的，完整的块实验设计，该实验设计有6个重复，每个重复4棵树。果园有6岁的树木，以5米长的平行四边形排列种植。使用了一个具有2个分支的滴灌系统，该系统沿着树木排铺设，树木位于分支之间的中间1.2 m。滴水速率为4 l h-1且间距为75 cm的滴头在灌溉过程中沿着树行下方的分支形成了50 cm宽的湿带。产量最高的是36吨至37吨ha-1，是在传统的灌溉方式下获得的，但与对照的全灌溉相比，灌溉水量却增加了两倍多。完全灌溉下的产量减少幅度很小（10％至14％），但是与TR相比，灌溉用水效率（IWUE）提高了2倍以上。在2001年和2002年，处理1PRD30的产量分别为30.6和27.7吨ha-1，并遵循对照FULL灌溉处理的产量。与常规的亏水灌溉处理（DI50）相比，采用2PRD50处理（单果产量最低）无法获得增产效益。在2001年和2002年的两个季节中，水果产量的排名保持在TR> FULL> 1PRD30> 1PRD50，尽管差异很小并且没有统计学意义（P <= 0.01）。但是，PRD下的IWUE显着增加（P <= 0.01），几乎是TR治疗的3倍。

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