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Evidence for the origin of the B genome of bread wheat based on chloroplast DNA

机译：基于叶绿体DNA的面包小麦B基因组起源的证据

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The hexaploid bread wheat Triticum aestivum L. (AABBDD) is thought to have originated through one or more rare hybridization events between Aegilops tauschii (DD) and the tetraploid Emmer wheat T. turgidum subsp. dicoccon (AABB). The progenitor of the A genome of T. aestivum has generally been accepted to be T. urartu. The origin of the B genome, however, is controversial and still relatively unknown. Research has found the B genome in T. turgidum to be closely similar to the S genome in section Sitopsis of Aegilops L.; the Sitopsis diploid species were thus proposed as the probable maternal parent in the original cross that resulted in the tetraploid T. turgidum. Moreover, the donor of the cytoplasm of T. turgidum and T. aestivum was also the donor of most, if not all, of the B genome chromosomes. The present study attempts to investigate the polymorphism of chloroplast DNA between T. aestivum and 8 different Aegilops species using cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) and sequencing on 28 chloroplast loci in order to identify the chloroplast donor (B genome donor) of bread wheat. A phylogenetic tree based on the data generated demonstrates that Ae. speltoides was distinct from the other Aegilops species analyzed and the most closely related to bread wheat. It can be concluded that Ae. speltoides may be the chloroplast donor to bread wheat and the donor of its B genome. Understanding hexaploid wheat origin would further its genetic improvement and is also important for the artificial development of synthetic forms. Key words: Aegilops, CAPS, chloroplast DNA, identification, sequencing
机译：六倍体面包小麦普通小麦（AABBDD）被认为是通过taegchii DD（Aegilops tauschii）与四倍体Emmer小麦T. turgidum亚种之间的一种或多种罕见杂交事件而起源的。 dicoccon（AABB）。普通小麦的A基因组的祖细胞通常被认为是ur。tart。然而，B基因组的起源是有争议的，仍然相对未知。研究发现，T。turgidum中的B基因组与Aegilops L.的Sitopsis部分中的S基因组非常相似。因此，人们提出了四倍体的四倍体，即拟南芥二倍体，可能是最初的杂交中的母本。此外，T。turgidum和T. aestivum的细胞质的供体也是大多数（如果不是全部）B基因组染色体的供体。本研究试图使用裂解的扩增多态性序列（CAPS）并在28个叶绿体基因座上测序，以研究普通小麦和8种不同的盾形植物之间叶绿体DNA的多态性，以鉴定面包小麦的叶绿体供体（B基因组供体）。基于所产生的数据的系统发育树证明了Ae。 speltoides有别于其他被分析的Aegilops物种，并且与面包小麦关系最密切。可以得出结论。 speltoides可能是面包小麦的叶绿体供体及其B基因组的供体。了解六倍体小麦的起源将进一步促进其遗传改良，对于人工合成合成形式也很重要。关键词：埃及伊蚊，CAPS，叶绿体DNA，鉴定，测序

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