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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of animal and veterinary advances >Using Conditioned Reinforcement as a Way to Make Dairy Cows to Leave an Automatic Milking Unit
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Using Conditioned Reinforcement as a Way to Make Dairy Cows to Leave an Automatic Milking Unit

机译：使用有条件的加固方法使奶牛离开自动挤奶装置

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Cows milked in an Automatic Milking System (AMS) have to leave the Automatic Milking Unit (AMU) before the next cow can enter. Cows that delay entering or leaving will lower the daily capacity in terms of number of successful milkings. In this study, the effects of a neutral stimuli (NS; acoustic signal) or a conditioned reinforcement (CR; an acoustic signal preceding a light negative reinforcement, such as a flashing light and/or a moving rubber tube on the back of the cow) on dairy cows known for leaving the AMU slowly, i.e., not leaving within 10 sec after the exit gate had opened, was studied. On average it was observed that up to 3 min elapsed before a cow left the AMU after a successful milking without the use of a CR. We found that this time could be substantially reduced by using a CR. Primiparous cows stayed in the AMU after milking between 109 and 125 sec without the CR and after the introduction of the NS or a CR they stayed on average between 12 and 32 sec. The time multiparous cows remained in the AMU after milking terminated was reduced from 178 and 193 sec to 25 and 48 sec when the CR was applied. No long-term effect was seen in multiparous cows receiving only the NS. This indicated that for the effect to be sustained, the acoustic signal had to be paired with a negative reinforcement, such as a CR. Neither the NS nor the CR affected the times for the animals to enter the AMU. Using a conditioned stimuli in an AMS between 100 and 150 minutes daily would be available for additional milkings
机译：在自动挤奶系统（AMS）中挤奶的母牛必须先离开自动挤奶单元（AMU），然后下一只母牛才能进入。延迟进出的母牛会降低成功挤奶次数的日生产能力。在这项研究中，中性刺激（NS;声音信号）或条件增强物（CR;轻负增强物之前的声音信号，例如闪光灯和/或牛背上移动的橡胶管）的影响）对以缓慢离开AMU（即在出口门打开后10秒内没有离开）而闻名的奶牛进行了研究。平均而言，观察到，在不使用CR的情况下，成功挤奶后，母牛离开AMU最多要经过3分钟。我们发现通过使用CR可以大大减少该时间。在没有CR的情况下，初乳牛在挤奶后109至125秒之间停留在AMU中，在引入NS或CR后，它们平均停留在12至32秒之间。挤奶终止后，多头母牛在AMU中停留的时间从178秒和193秒减少到应用CR时的25秒和48秒。在仅接受NS的多头母牛中未见长期影响。这表明，要保持效果，声音信号必须与负增强（例如CR）配对。 NS和CR均不影响动物进入AMU的时间。每天在100至150分钟之间的AMS中使用条件刺激可进行额外挤奶

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