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Brain Processing of Fearful Facial Expression in Mentally Disordered Offenders

机译：精神错乱罪犯恐惧面部表情的大脑处理

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摘要

Emotional facial expressions are important cues for interaction between people. The aim of the present study was to investigate brain function when processing fearful facial expressions in offenders with two psychiatric disorders which include impaired emotional facial perception; autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and psychopathy (PSY). Fourteen offenders undergoing forensic psychiatric assessment (7 with ASD, and 7 psychopathic offenders) and 12 healthy controls (HC) viewed fearful and neutral faces while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Brain activity (fearful versus neutral faces) was compared both between HC and offenders and between the two offender groups (PSY and ASD). Functional co-activation was also investigated. The offenders had increased activity bilaterally in amygdala and medial cingulate cortex as well as the left hippocampus during processing fearful facial expressions compared to HC. The two subgroups of offenders differed in five regions compared with each other. Results from functional co-activation analysis suggested a strong correlation between the amygdala and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in the left hemisphere only in the PSY group. These findings suggest enhanced neural processing of fearful faces in the amygdala as well as in other facial processing brain areas in offenders compared to HC. Moreover, the co-activation between amygdala and ACC in the PSY but not the ASD group suggested qualitative differences in amygdala activity in the two groups. Since the sample size is small the study should be regarded as a pilot study.
机译：情感表情是人与人之间互动的重要线索。本研究的目的是研究在患有两种精神疾病的罪犯中处理令人恐惧的面部表情时的大脑功能，其中包括情绪面部感知障碍。自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）和精神病（PSY）。接受法医精神病学评估的十四名罪犯（七名患有ASD，七名精神病罪犯）和十二名健康对照（HC）在接受功能磁共振成像（fMRI）时看到了恐惧和中立的面孔。在HC和犯罪者之间以及两个犯罪者群体（PSY和ASD）之间比较了大脑活动（恐惧与中性面孔）。还研究了功能共激活。与HC相比，在处理可怕的面部表情时，违法者的杏仁核和内侧扣带回皮层以及左海马的双侧活动增加。相比之下，罪犯的两个亚组在五个区域有所不同。功能共激活分析的结果表明，仅PSY组中杏仁核与左半球前扣带回皮层（ACC）之间存在很强的相关性。这些发现表明，与HC相比，罪犯在杏仁核以及其他面部处理脑区域中增强了对恐怖面孔的神经处理能力。此外，PSY中杏仁核和ACC之间的共同激活而不是ASD组，这表明两组杏仁核活性存在质的差异。由于样本量较小，因此该研究应视为试点研究。

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