Preeclampsia (PE) is a leading cause of maternal mortality and morbidity worldwide. It occurs in women with first or multiple pregnancies and is characterized by new onset hypertension and proteinuria. Improper placentation is mainly responsible for the disease. If PE remains untreated, it moves towards more serious condition known as eclampsia. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, proteinuria, obesity, family history, nulliparity, multiple pregnancies and thrombotic vascular disease contribute as the risk factors for PE. PE triggered metabolic stress causes vascular injury, thus contributing to the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and/or chronic kidney disease (CKD) in future. This risk appears to be increased especially in women with a history of recurrent PE and eclampsia. Clinically increased serum levels of sFlt-1 and decreased placental growth factor (PIGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) represent the severe condition of PE. The clinical findings of sever PE are assorted by the presence of systemic endothelial dysfunction, microangiopathy, the liver (hemolysis, elevated liver function tests and low platelet count, namely HELLP syndrome) and the kidney (proteinuria). The early detection of PE is one of the most important goals in obstetrics.J Clin Med Res. 2014;6(1):1-7 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4021/jocmr1682w
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机译：子痫前期（PE）是全球孕产妇死亡率和发病率的主要原因。它发生在初次或多次怀孕的妇女中，其特征是新发高血压和蛋白尿。胎盘放置不当是造成该疾病的主要原因。如果PE仍未得到治疗，它将发展为更严重的疾病，称为子痫。高血压，糖尿病，蛋白尿，肥胖症，家族史，无产妇，多胎妊娠和血栓性血管疾病是引起PE的危险因素。 PE引发的代谢应激会导致血管损伤，从而进一步导致心血管疾病（CVD）和/或慢性肾脏病（CKD）的发展。这种风险似乎增加了，特别是在有反复PE和子痫病史的女性中。临床上sFlt-1的血清水平升高以及胎盘生长因子（PIGF）和血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）的降低代表了PE的严重状况。严重PE的临床表现根据全身内皮功能障碍，微血管病变，肝脏（溶血，肝功能检查升高和血小板计数低，即HELLP综合征）和肾脏（蛋白尿）的存在而分类。 PE的早期发现是产科最重要的目标之一。JClin Med Res。 2014; 6（1）：1-7 doi：http://dx.doi.org/10.4021/jocmr1682w
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