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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Civil Engineering and Science >Disaster Relief Structural Framework: Transitional to Permanent
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Disaster Relief Structural Framework: Transitional to Permanent

机译：灾结构框架：从过渡到永久

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The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami caused enormous devastation of homes, property, and infrastructure over vast coastal areas in more than eight countries in the region. The need for adequate shelter became an emergency of an unprecedented scale. Such a large scale of devastation presents an opportunity for engineers and architects to design without the normal restrictions of surrounding context and affect social change through good design.Disaster Relief has been traditionally thought of in the realm of temporary structure, a structure that must be transported and erected at the place of the disaster. With the glut of aid, the humanitarian aid response to the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami was 14 billion US dollars. It certainly seemed to be the easiest answer to spend much on a structure, transport it and simply build it on site as the most efficient and timely answer. The failure comes in the ill consideration of the site and lack of appropriate sustainable solutions for a permanent shelter.This research seeks to provide a solution for disaster relief that addresses a path from a provided transitional structure (usefulness measured in years not months) to a permanent architecture. It has also been shown that “…transitional” may be a misnomer, since many people never leave these homes, nor are “the homes upgraded”. Relief structures have failed to anticipate needs of growth and daily life sustaining activities that go beyond the immediate need of shelter. The needs of shelter are predictable: roof, enclosure, windows, doors, etc… but there are shortfalls in considerations for expansion and needs for clean water, food storage and cooking and other life sustaining functions that go programmatically beyond “shelter”. This gap in the goal and reality of aiding the affected people will attempt to be bridged by a modular framework that provides the flexibility to grow, improve and respond to make a quicker path to their normal permanent lifestyle. The framework will address multiple needs in negotiating the requirements of a non-permanent transitional structure. It will accept numerous infill methods, both provided and vernacular. In addition to those basics, more frameworks can allow the plan to grow and be adapted to the different programs of each occupant and different typologies altogether, from individual to community level concerns. Special attention is given to such concerns as security, food cooking and distribution, and sanitation that are all typically omitted in a shelter design.
机译：2004年印度洋海啸在该地区超过八个国家的广大沿海地区造成了房屋，财产和基础设施的巨大破坏。对适当住房的需求已成为前所未有的紧急情况。如此大规模的破坏为工程师和建筑师提供了在不受周围环境正常限制的情况下进行设计的机会，并通过良好的设计影响了社会变革。灾难救济传统上是在临时结构领域中考虑的，临时结构必须运输并在灾难发生地竖起。由于援助过剩，2004年印度洋海啸的人道主义援助金额为140亿美元。在结构上花费大量资金，运输它并只是在现场简单地构建它，这似乎是最有效，最及时的答案，这是最简单的答案。失败的原因在于对地点的考虑不周，缺乏永久性庇护所的适当可持续解决方案。本研究旨在为灾难救助提供解决方案，以解决从提供的过渡结构（用年而不是数月衡量的实用性）到解决方案的路径。永久性架构。还表明，“……过渡”可能是用词不当，因为许多人从未离开过这些房屋，“房屋也没有升级”。救济机构未能预计到增长和日常生活维持活动的需求，这些需求超出了住房的迫切需求。住房的需求是可以预见的：屋顶，围墙，窗户，门等…，但是在扩展方面的考虑不足，对清洁水，食物存储和烹饪以及其他计划中超出“庇护所”的其他维持生命功能的需求也不足。援助受影响人群的目标和现实之间的差距将试图通过模块化框架来弥补，该框架提供增长，改善和响应的灵活性，从而为他们实现正常的永久生活方式提供了一条捷径。该框架将在协商非常任过渡结构的要求时满足多种需求。它会接受多种填充方法，既有提供的也有本地语言的。除了这些基础知识之外，更多的框架还可以使该计划得到发展，并适应每个居住者的不同计划和从个人到社区的各种不同类型。特别关注诸如安全性，食物烹饪和分发以及卫生之类的问题，这些问题通常在避难所设计中被忽略。

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