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Cognitive Profile of Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus

机译：特发性常压性脑积水的认知特征

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Background/Aims: Frontal lobe dysfunction is believed to be a primary cognitive symptom in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH); however, the neuropsychology of this disorder remains to be fully investigated. The objective of this study was to delineate a comprehensive profile of cognitive dysfunction in iNPH and evaluate the effects of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt surgery on cognitive dysfunction. Methods: A total of 32 iNPH patients underwent neuropsychological testing of memory, attention, language, executive function, and visuoperceptual and visuospatial abilities. Of these 32 patients, 26 were reevaluated approximately 1 year following CSF shunt surgery. The same battery of tests was performed on 32 patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and 30 healthy elderly controls. Results: The iNPH patients displayed baseline deficits in attention, executive function, memory, and visuoperceptual and visuospatial functions. Impairments of attention, executive function, and visuoperceptual and visuospatial abilities in iNPH patients were more severe than in those with AD, whereas the degree of memory impairment was comparable to that in AD patients. A significant improvement in executive function was observed following shunt surgery. Conclusion: Patients with iNPH are impaired in various aspects of cognition involving both ‘frontal’ executive functions and ‘posterior cortical’ functions. Shunt treatment can ameliorate executive dysfunction.
机译：背景/目的：额叶功能障碍被认为是特发性正常压力脑积水（iNPH）的主要认知症状。然而，这种疾病的神经心理学仍有待充分研究。这项研究的目的是描绘iNPH中认知功能障碍的全面情况，并评估脑脊液（CSF）分流手术对认知功能障碍的影响。方法：总共32例iNPH患者接受了记忆，注意力，语言，执行功能以及视感受和视觉空间能力的神经心理学测试。在这32例患者中，CSF分流手术后约1年重新评估了26例患者。对32位阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）患者和30位健康的老年对照组进行了同样的测试。结果：iNPH患者在注意力，执行功能，记忆力，视感受和视觉空间功能方面表现出基线缺陷。与AD患者相比，iNPH患者的注意力，执行功能以及视感受和视觉空间能力的损害更为严重，而记忆障碍的程度与AD患者相当。分流手术后观察到执行功能的显着改善。结论：iNPH患者的认知各方面均受损，涉及“额叶”执行功能和“后皮质”功能。分流治疗可以改善执行功能障碍。

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