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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Ecological Engineering >Selected Problems of the Environmental Impact Analysis of Investment Projects Based on Life Cycle Assessment Procedure
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Selected Problems of the Environmental Impact Analysis of Investment Projects Based on Life Cycle Assessment Procedure

机译：基于生命周期评估程序的投资项目环境影响分析的若干问题

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The building objects show a wide variety. Among them, we can distinguish buildings and various building constructions. In addition to the fact that they are of various sizes, they perform different functions and their purpose and use generates various problems, they can be made using various materials, different technologies and construction solutions. Therefore, the decision on which solutions to apply may be difficult to take. In this situation, it is good to develop several alternative solutions for their comprehensive comparison. In addition, the existing regulations that originate in EU directives in many cases impose the obligation to develop several variants of future investments and analyze them taking into account many factors. In the EU recommendations, the first place is the analysis related to the impact of construction investments on the environment. The ISO 14040-1404X regulations created and introduced by the European Union are the most important tool for global assessment of the environmental impact of a product, facility and service. They relate to the environmental impact assessment of the entire Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), and their assumption is to identify and minimize any environmental impacts that may arise from the production, use and disposal of the product. Research should include specific stages according to the LCA evaluation system: determination of the purpose and scope of the assessment, inventory of input and output data and the impact assessment. The following research methods were used: source materials analysis, library query, advanced data collection methods through online surveys, LCA assessment, multicriterial methods. Research conducted by the author has shown that the analysis involving selected problems related to the object-environment interaction is dominant. However, it is difficult to find in practice analyzes covering the entire lifecycle of an object in accordance with the LCA procedure and examples of comparison of specific design solutions within the variant assessment procedure taking into account the LCA procedure. The aim of the article is to show how such procedure can look when comparing exemplary variants of a construction project. The article presents an example and diagrams of conduct covering the whole life cycle of an object, and the analysis is based on specific examples.
机译：建筑对象展示了各种各样的东西。其中，我们可以区分建筑物和各种建筑物。除了具有各种尺寸的事实之外，它们还执行不同的功能，其用途和使用会产生各种问题，还可以使用各种材料，不同的技术和施工解决方案来制造它们。因此，可能难以决定要采用哪种解决方案。在这种情况下，最好开发几种替代解决方案以进行全面比较。此外，在许多情况下，源自欧盟指令的现行法规强加了开发未来投资的多种变体并考虑许多因素进行分析的义务。在欧盟的建议中，首先是与建筑投资对环境的影响有关的分析。欧盟制定和引入的ISO 14040-1404X法规是对产品，设施和服务的环境影响进行全球评估的最重要工具。它们与整个生命周期评估（LCA）的环境影响评估有关，其假设是识别并最小化产品生产，使用和处置可能引起的任何环境影响。根据LCA评估系统，研究应包括特定阶段：确定评估的目的和范围，输入和输出数据清单以及影响评估。使用了以下研究方法：原材料分析，图书馆查询，通过在线调查的高级数据收集方法，LCA评估，多标准方法。作者进行的研究表明，涉及与对象-环境相互作用相关的选定问题的分析占主导地位。但是，在实践中很难找到根据LCA程序涵盖对象整个生命周期的分析，以及在考虑LCA程序的情况下评估变型评估程序中特定设计解决方案的比较示例。本文的目的是显示在比较建筑项目的示例性变体时这种程序的外​​观。本文提供了一个示例和行为示意图，涵盖了对象的整个生命周期，并且分析基于特定的示例。

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