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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Neuroscience >Dynamic Interaction Between Microtubules and the Nucleus Regulates Nuclear Movement During Neuronal Migration:
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Dynamic Interaction Between Microtubules and the Nucleus Regulates Nuclear Movement During Neuronal Migration:

机译：微管和核之间的动态相互作用调节神经元迁移过程中的核运动：

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摘要

Fine structures of the mammalian brain are formed by neuronal migration during development. Newborn neurons migrate long distances from the germinal zone to individual sites of function by squeezing their largest cargo, the nucleus, through the crowded neural tissue. Nuclear translocation is thought to be orchestrated by microtubules, actin, and their associated motor proteins, dynein and myosin. However, where and how the cytoskeletal forces are converted to actual nuclear movement remains unclear. Using high-resolution confocal imaging of live migrating neurons, we demonstrated that microtubule-dependent forces are directly applied to the nucleus via the linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton complex, and that they induce dynamic nuclear movement, including translocation, rotation, and local peaking. Microtubules bind to small points on the nuclear envelope via the minus- and plus-oriented motor proteins, dynein and kinesin-1, and generate a point force independent of the actin-dependent force. Dynamic binding of microtubule motors might cause a continuously changing net force vector acting on the nucleus and results in a stochastic and inconsistent movement of the nucleus, which are seen in crowded neural tissues.
机译：哺乳动物大脑的精细结构是在发育过程中通过神经元迁移形成的。新生的神经元会通过挤满的神经组织，从生发区长距离移动到各个功能部位，从而挤压它们最大的货物-核。核易位被认为是由微管，肌动蛋白及其相关的运动蛋白，动力蛋白和肌球蛋白精心策划的。但是，尚不清楚在何处以及如何将细胞骨架力转换为实际的核运动。使用高分辨率共聚焦成像的实时迁移神经元，我们证明了微管依赖的力通过核骨架和细胞骨架复合体的连接子直接施加于核，它们诱导动态核运动，包括移位，旋转和局部峰化。微管通过负向和正向运动蛋白，Dynein和kinesin-1与核膜的小点结合，并产生独立于肌动蛋白依赖性力的点力。微管马达的动态结合可能会导致作用在细胞核上的净力向量不断变化，并导致细胞核随机而不一致的运动，这种现象在拥挤的神经组织中可见。

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