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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Neuroscience >Molecular Mechanisms at the Basis of Plasticity in the Developing Visual Cortex: Epigenetic Processes and Gene Programs:
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Molecular Mechanisms at the Basis of Plasticity in the Developing Visual Cortex: Epigenetic Processes and Gene Programs:

机译：发育中的视觉皮层中基于可塑性的分子机制：表观遗传过程和基因程序：

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Neuronal circuitries in the mammalian visual system change as a function of experience. Sensory experience modifies neuronal networks connectivity via the activation of different physiological processes such as excitatory/inhibitory synaptic transmission, neurotrophins, and signaling of extracellular matrix molecules. Long-lasting phenomena of plasticity occur when intracellular signal transduction pathways promote epigenetic alterations of chromatin structure that regulate the induction of transcription factors that in turn drive the expression of downstream targets, the products of which then work via the activation of structural and functional mechanisms that modify synaptic connectivity. Here, we review recent findings in the field of visual cortical plasticity while focusing on how physiological mechanisms associated with experience promote structural changes that determine functional modifications of neural circuitries in V1. We revise the role of microRNAs as molecular transducers of environmental stimuli and the role of immediate early genes that control gene expression programs underlying plasticity in the developing visual cortex.
机译：哺乳动物视觉系统中的神经元回路根据经验而变化。感觉体验通过激活不同的生理过程（如兴奋性/抑制性突触传递，神经营养蛋白和细胞外基质分子的信号传导）来改变神经网络的连通性。当细胞内信号转导通路促进染色质结构的表观遗传学改变，从而调节转录因子的诱导，进而驱动下游靶标的表达时，可塑性发生长期的可塑性现象，而下游靶标的表达则通过激活结构和功能机制起作用。修改突触连接。在这里，我们回顾了视觉皮层可塑性领域中的最新发现，同时重点关注与经验相关的生理机制如何促进决定V1中神经回路功能修饰的结构变化。我们修改了microRNA作为环境刺激分子转导器的作用，以及控制发育中的视觉皮层中可塑性基础的基因表达程序的早期早期基因的作用。

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