Review on Gender and Poverty, Gender Inequality in Land Tenure, Violence Against Woman and Women Empowerment Analysis: Evidence in Benin with Survey Data

Baoubadi Atozou; Radjabu Mayuto; Alexis Abodohoui

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Review on Gender and Poverty, Gender Inequality in Land Tenure, Violence Against Woman and Women Empowerment Analysis: Evidence in Benin with Survey Data

机译：性别与贫困，土地使用权中的性别不平等，对妇女的暴力行为和增强妇女权能的回顾：贝宁的证据和调查数据

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Inequalities in opportunities and rights between women and men have occupied many researchers over the last two decades. This study reviews literature on (i) gender and poverty, (ii) inequalities in land rights between women and men and their implications for the economic and social development of rural areas in developing countries, and (iii) violence against women in the rural population. World Bank survey data (3507 rural households) were used to analyze women's perceptions of agricultural land rights and violence against women in Benin. The Poisson model is adopted to investigate the determinants of physical violence against women in rural households in Benin. The results show that women are more vulnerable to poverty than men. Women are disadvantaged in access to productive assets such as access to credit and arable land, education, labor market, control of incomes earned in households, and are excluded in decision-making in households and institutions. The results also highlight that women in rural areas do not have access to land and do not participate in land management decisions. Based on the Poisson model, the results show that restrictions imposed on women by their spouses significantly increase the number of physical violence against women in households. Moreover, the results suggest also that an increase in the economic value of assets owned by women significantly reduces the incidence of physical violence against women in households. These results suggest that implementing development actions to increase incomes and empowerment women helps to reduce poverty, increases food security, reduces violence against women, and improves household welfare.

机译：在过去的二十年中，男女之间机会和权利的不平等现象占据了许多研究人员的位置。这项研究回顾了以下文献：（i）性别与贫困，（ii）男女之间土地权的不平等及其对发展中国家农村地区经济和社会发展的影响，以及（iii）对农村人口中针对妇女的暴力行为。世界银行的调查数据（3507个农村家庭）被用来分析贝宁妇女对农业土地权利和暴力侵害妇女行为的看法。采用泊松模型调查贝宁农村家庭中针对妇女的暴力行为的决定因素。结果表明，妇女比男子更容易贫穷。妇女在获得生产性资产方面处于不利地位，例如获得信贷和耕地，教育，劳动力市场，控制家庭所得收入，并在家庭和机构的决策中被排除在外。结果还突出表明，农村地区的妇女无法获得土地，也不参与土地管理决策。根据泊松模型，结果表明，配偶对妇女的限制大大增加了家庭中对妇女的身体暴力。此外，结果还表明，妇女拥有资产的经济价值的增加大大减少了家庭中对妇女的身体暴力发生率。这些结果表明，执行发展行动以增加收入和增强妇女权能有助于减轻贫困，增加粮食安全，减少对妇女的暴力行为并改善家庭福利。

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《Journal of Sustainable Development》 |2017年第6期|共18页
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Baoubadi Atozou; Radjabu Mayuto; Alexis Abodohoui;
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Review on Gender and Poverty, Gender Inequality in Land Tenure, Violence Against Woman and Women Empowerment Analysis: Evidence in Benin with Survey Data

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