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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Sustainable Development >The Feasibility of Rice Bags and Ground Tarp Plastics as Low-Cost and Locally-Available Alternatives to Greenhouse Glazing
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The Feasibility of Rice Bags and Ground Tarp Plastics as Low-Cost and Locally-Available Alternatives to Greenhouse Glazing

机译：饭袋和磨碎的塑料作为温室玻璃的低成本和局部替代品的可行性

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Greenhouses can help farmers increase their yields and improve their livelihoods while reducing spoilage and furthering food security. As farms are getting smaller and access to water is getting more difficult, greenhouses are gradually gaining popularity in the agrarian economies of sub-Saharan Africa. Most greenhouses sold in the market are designed for commercial farmers and are beyond the reach of smallholders. The Humanitarian Engineering and Social Entrepreneurship (HESE) program at the Pennsylvania State University has developed and commercialized affordable greenhouses that utilize locally-sourced materials. The only exception is the glazing - the plastic covering on the greenhouse structure - which is imported from abroad. The cost of this glazing is too high, and is subject to foreign exchange fluctuations and supply chain anomalies. In an effort to further decrease the cost of the greenhouse, and thereby increase its accessibility in the market, this article investigates the feasibility of locally-available, inexpensive materials that can be used as substitutes for typical glazing materials. The primary emphasis of this paper is on rice bags and a Polyethylene ground tarp, which are both abundant, inexpensive materials found commonly in developing countries. Two properties of the materials were tested: light transmission and UV resistance, and a third test, water conservation, was performed on the ground tarp material. Results indicated that while rice bags are not an ideal substitute for standard glazing, they may be appropriate as low-cost shade nets, and the ground tarp plastic may prove appropriate as a potential greenhouse glazing replacement.
机译：温室可以帮助农民增加产量，改善生计，同时减少腐败和促进粮食安全。随着农场的规模越来越小，获得水的难度越来越大，温室在撒哈拉以南非洲的农业经济中逐渐普及。市场上出售的大多数温室都是为商业农民设计的，超出了小农户的承受能力。宾夕法尼亚州立大学的人道工程与社会企业家精神（HESE）计划已经开发并商业化了使用本地采购材料的可负担温室。唯一的例外是玻璃窗-温室结构上的塑料覆盖物-从国外进口。这种玻璃的成本太高，并且会受到外汇波动和供应链异常的影响。为了进一步降低温室的成本，从而增加其在市场上的可及性，本文研究了可以用作典型玻璃材料替代品的本地廉价材料的可行性。本文的主要重点是大米袋和聚乙烯地面防水布，这两种材料都是发展中国家普遍使用的廉价廉价材料。测试了该材料的两个特性：透光性和抗紫外线性，对磨过的篷布材料进行了第三个测试，即节水。结果表明，虽然米袋并不是标准玻璃的理想替代品，但它们可能适合用作低成本的遮阳网，而磨碎的篷布塑料可能被证明是潜在的温室玻璃替代品。

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