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首页> 外文期刊>BioMed research international >Gene Expression Divergence and Evolutionary Analysis of the Drosomycin Gene Family inDrosophila melanogaster
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Gene Expression Divergence and Evolutionary Analysis of the Drosomycin Gene Family inDrosophila melanogaster

机译：黑腹果蝇果蝇基因家族的基因表达差异及进化分析

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Drosomycin(Drs) encoding an inducible 44-residue antifungal peptide is clusteredwith six additional genes,Dro1, Dro2, Dro3, Dro4, Dro5,andDro6, forming amultigene family on the 3L chromosome arm inDrosophila melanogaster. To getfurther insight into the regulation of each member of the drosomycin gene family,here we investigated gene expression patterns of this family by either microbe-freeinjury or microbial challenges using real time RT-PCR. The results indicated thatamong the sevendrosomycingenes,Drs, Dro2, Dro3, Dro4,andDro5showedconstitutive expressions. Three out of five,Dro2, Dro3,andDro5, were able to beupregulated by simple injury. Interestingly,Drsis an only gene strongly upregulatedwhenDrosophilawas infected with microbes. In contrast to these five genes,Dro1andDro6were not transcribed at all in either noninfected or infected flies. Furthermore, by5′rapid amplification of cDNA ends, two transcription start siteswere identified inDrsandDro2, and one inDro3, Dro4,andDro5. In addition, NF-κBbinding sites were found in promoter regions ofDrs, Dro2, Dro3,andDro5, indicatingthe importance of NF-κB binding sites for the inducibility ofdrosomycingenes. Basedon the analyses of flanking sequences of each gene inD. melanogasterandphylogenetic relationship ofdrosomycinsinD. melanogasterspecies-group, weconcluded that gene duplications were involved in the formation of the drosomycingene family. The possible evolutionary fates ofdrosomycingenes were discussedaccording to the combining analysis of gene expression pattern, gene structure, andfunctional divergence of these genes.
机译：编码诱导型44残基抗真菌肽的果蝇（Drs）与六个附加基因Dro1，Dro2，Dro3，Dro4，Dro5和Dro6聚集在一起，在果蝇的3L染色体臂上形成了一个多基因家族。为了进一步了解drosomycin基因家族每个成员的调控作用，在这里我们使用实时RT-PCR通过无微生物损伤或微生物攻击研究了该家族的基因表达模式。结果表明在七种柔顺霉素烯中，Drs，Dro2，Dro3，Dro4和Dro5显示出组成型表达。五分之三的Dro2，Dro3和Dro5能够通过简单的伤害而被上调。有趣的是，当果蝇感染了微生物后，Drsis是一个强烈上调的唯一基因。与这五个基因相反，Dro1和Dro6在未感染或感染的果蝇中均未转录。此外，通过cDNA的5'快速扩增，在DrsandDro2中鉴定了两个转录起始位点，在Dro3，Dro4和Dro5中鉴定了一个转录起始位点。此外，在Drs，Dro2，Dro3和Dro5的启动子区域中发现了NF-κB结合位点，这表明NF-κB结合位点对诱导雄激素的重要性。基于对D中每个基因的侧翼序列的分析。 drosomycinsinD的黑色素瘤与系统发育关系。黑色素物种组，我们得出结论，重复基因参与了drosomycingene家族的形成。根据对这些基因的基因表达模式，基因结构和功能差异的综合分析，讨论了drosomycingenes可能的进化命运。

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