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Assessment of the direct medical costs of diabetes mellitus and its complications in the United Arab Emirates

机译：在阿拉伯联合酋长国评估糖尿病及其并发症的直接医疗费用

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Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major health problem in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and is well recognized as a major and increasing burden to the country's resources due to its severe, long term debilitating effects on individuals, families and the society at large. The aim of the study was to estimate the direct annual treatment costs of DM and its related complications among patients in Al-Ain city, UAE. Methods A sample of 150 DM patients were enrolled during 2004-2005, and their medical costs over the ensuing 12 months was measured, quantified, analyzed and extrapolated to the population in Al-Ain and UAE, using conventional and inference statistics. The costs were converted from UAE Dirhams to US Dollar, using the official conversion rate of US$ (1 USD = 3.68 AED). Results The total annual direct treatment costs of DM among patients without complications in Al Ain-UAE, was US $1,605 (SD = 1,206) which is 3.2 times higher than the per capita expenditure for health care in the UAE (US$ 497) during 2004 (WHO, 2004). However, this cost increased 2.2 times with the presence of DM related complications for patients with microvascular complications, by 6.4 times for patients with macrovascular complications and 9.4 times for patients with both micro and macrovascular complications. Likewise, the annual direct hospitalization costs of DM patients increased by 3.7 times for patients with microvascular complications, by 6.6 times for patients with macrovascular complications and by 5 times for patients with both micro and macrovascualr complications. Overall, costs increased with age, diabetes duration and were higher for patients treated with insulin compared to those treated with oral hypoglycemic agents or with diet control only. Conclusions DM direct treatment costs increased with the presence and progression of chronic DM related complications. Hospitalisation costs constituted a large proportion and were increasingly higher with the presence and progression of DM related complications. To reduce the impact on healthcare resources, efforts should be made to prevent progression to DM complications, by implementing guidelines for diabetes care, screening for complications and better management.
机译：背景技术糖尿病（DM）是阿拉伯联合酋长国（UAE）的主要健康问题，由于对个人，家庭和社会造成严重的长期破坏性影响，众所周知，糖尿病是该国资源的主要和日益增加的负担。大。该研究的目的是估计阿联酋艾因市患者DM的直接年度治疗费用及其相关并发症。方法在2004年至2005年期间，对150名DM患者进行了抽样研究，并使用常规和推论统计方法对他们在随后的12个月中的医疗费用进行了测量，量化，分析和推断，并将其推算到Al-Ain和阿联酋的人群。成本使用官方转换汇率美元（1 USD = 3.68 AED）从阿联酋迪拉姆转换为美元。结果在Al Ain-UAE中无并发症的患者中，DM的年度总直接治疗费用为1,605美元（SD = 1,206），是2004年阿联酋人均医疗保健支出（497美元）的3.2倍（世卫组织，2004年）。然而，对于微血管并发症患者，与DM相关的并发症的存在，该成本增加了2.2倍，大血管并发症患者的费用增加了6.4倍，微血管和大血管并发症患者的费用增加了9.4倍。同样，微血管并发症患者的DM患者每年直接住院费用增加了3.7倍，大血管并发症患者增加了6.6倍，微血管和大血管并发症患者增加了5倍。总体而言，与口服降糖药或仅饮食控制的患者相比，胰岛素的治疗费用随年龄，糖尿病持续时间的增加而增加。结论DM直接治疗的费用随着慢性DM相关并发症的出现和发展而增加。住院费用占很大比例，并且随着DM相关并发症的出现和发展而越来越高。为了减少对医疗资源的影响，应通过实施糖尿病护理指南，筛查并发症和更好的管理措施，以预防糖尿病并发症的发展。

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