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首页> 外文期刊>BMC Public Health >Are young female suicides increasing? A comparison of sex-specific rates and characteristics of youth suicides in Australia over 2004–2014
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Are young female suicides increasing? A comparison of sex-specific rates and characteristics of youth suicides in Australia over 2004–2014

机译：年轻女性自杀人数正在增加吗？ 2004-2014年澳大利亚按性别划分的青少年自杀率和特征比较

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Australian mortality statistics suggest that young female suicides have increased since 2004 in comparison to young males, a pattern documented across other Western high-income countries. This may indicate a need for more targeted and multifaceted youth suicide prevention efforts. However, sex-based time trends are yet to be tested empirically within a comprehensive Australian sample. The aim of this study was to examine changes over time in sex-based rates and characteristics of all suicides among young people in Australia (2004–2014). National Coronial Information System and Australian Bureau of Statistics data provided annual suicide counts and rates for 10–24-year-olds in Australia (2004–2014), stratified by sex, age group, Indigenous status and methods. Negative binomial regressions estimated time trends in population-stratified rates, and multinomial logistic regressions estimated time trends by major suicide methods (i.e., hanging, drug poisoning). Between 2004 and 2014, 3709 young Australians aged 10–24?years died by suicide. Whilst, overall, youth suicide rates did not increase significantly in Australia between 2004 and 2014, there was a significant increase in suicide rates for females (incident rate ratio [IRR] 1.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01 to 1.06), but not males. Rates were consistently higher among Aboriginal/Torres Strait Islander youth, males, and in older (20–24-years) as compared to younger (15–19?years) age groups. Overall, the odds of using hanging as a method of suicide increased over time among both males and females, whilst the odds of using drug-poisoning did not change over this period. We showed that suicide rates among young females, but not young males, increased over the study period. Patterns were observed in the use of major suicide methods with hanging the most frequently used method among both sexes and more likely among younger and Aboriginal/Torres Strait Islander groups. Findings highlight the need to broaden current conceptualizations of youth suicide to one increasingly involving young females, and strengthen the case for a multifaceted prevention approach that capitalize on young females’ greater help-seeking propensity.
机译：澳大利亚的死亡率统计数据表明，自2004年以来，年轻女性的自杀率比年轻男性有所增加，其他西方高收入国家的情况也是如此。这可能表明需要更有针对性和多方面的青年自杀预防工作。但是，基于性别的时间趋势尚未在澳大利亚的全面样本中进行经验检验。这项研究的目的是调查澳大利亚年轻人（2004-2014年）中基于性别的比率和所有自杀特征的随时间变化。国家冠状信息系统和澳大利亚统计局的数据提供了澳大利亚10至24岁（2004-2014年）的年度自杀人数和自杀率，并按性别，年龄组，土著身份和方法进行了分层。负二项式回归估计人口分层率的时间趋势，而多项式Lo​​gistic回归通过主要自杀方法（即吊死，药物中毒）估计时间趋势。在2004年至2014年之间，有3709名10-24岁的澳大利亚年轻人因自杀死亡。虽然总体上说，澳大利亚的青年自杀率在2004年至2014年期间并未显着增加，但女性的自杀率却有显着提高（发生率[IRR] 1.03，95％置信区间[CI] 1.01至1.06），但不是男性。与年轻人（15-19岁）相比，原住民/托雷斯海峡岛民青年，男性和老年人（20-24岁）的患病率一直较高。总体而言，在男性和女性中，使用绞刑作为自杀方法的几率随时间增加，而在此期间使用药物中毒的几率没有变化。我们显示，在研究期间，年轻女性（而非年轻男性）的自杀率有所增加。在主要自杀方法的使用中观察到了模式，在男女中最常使用的方法被挂起，在年轻和原住民/托雷斯海峡岛民群体中更可能采用这种方法。研究结果强调，有必要将当前的青年自杀概念扩大到越来越多的年轻女性，并加强采取多方面预防方法的理由，以利用年轻女性更大的求助倾向。

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