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The unbuilt environment: culture moderates the built environment for physical activity

机译：非建制环境：文化可调节建制环境以进行体育活动

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Background While research has demonstrated a link between the built environment and obesity, much variation remains unexplained. Physical features are necessary, but not sufficient, for physical activity: residents must choose to use these features in health-promoting ways. This article reveals a role for local culture in tempering the effect of the physical environment on physical activity behaviors. Methods We developed Systematic Cultural Observation (SCO) to observe place-based, health-related culture in Lenoir County, NC (population ~60,000). Photographs ( N =?6450) were taken systematically from 150 most-used road segments and geocoded. Coders assessed physical activity (PA) opportunities (e.g., public or private activity spaces, pedestrian-friendly features) and presence of people in each photograph. Results 28.7% of photographs contained some PA feature. Most were private or pedestrian; 3.1% contained public PA space. Only 1.5% of photographs with any PA features (2% of those with public PA space, 0.7% of those with private) depicted people despite appropriate weather and daylight conditions. Conclusions Even when PA opportunities existed in this rural county, they were rarely used. This may be the result of culture (“unbuilt environment”) that disfavors physical activity even in the presence of features that allow it. Policies promoting built environments designed for healthy lifestyles should consider local culture (shared styles, skills, habits, and beliefs) to maximize positive outcomes.
机译：背景技术尽管研究已证明建筑环境与肥胖之间存在联系，但仍无法解释很多变化。身体特征对于体育锻炼是必要的，但并不足够：居民必须选择以促进健康的方式使用这些特征。本文揭示了本地文化在缓和物理环境对体育活动行为的影响方面的作用。方法我们开发了系统文化观察（SCO）来观察北卡罗来纳州莱诺瓦县（〜60,000人口）的场所性健康相关文化。从150个最常用的路段中系统地拍摄了照片（N =？6450）并进行了地理编码。编码人员评估了每张照片中的体育活动（PA）机会（例如，公共或私人活动场所，行人友好的特征）和人们的身影。结果28.7％的照片包含PA功能。大多数是私人或步行者; 3.1％包含公共PA空间。尽管天气和日光条件适当，但只有1.5％的具有PA功能的照片（有2％的公共PA空间的照片，0.7％的私密照片）描绘了人物。结论即使在这个农村县存在公共广播机会，也很少使用它们。这可能是由于文化（“未建环境”）导致体育活动不利，即使存在允许体育活动的特征也是如此。旨在为健康的生活方式设计建筑环境的政策应考虑当地文化（共有的风格，技能，习惯和信念），以最大程度地发挥积极作用。

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