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首页> 外文期刊>BMC Public Health >Cultural events – does attendance improve health? Evidence from a Polish longitudinal study
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Cultural events – does attendance improve health? Evidence from a Polish longitudinal study

机译：文化活动–参加会改善健康吗？波兰纵向研究的证据

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Background Although there is strong advocacy for uptake of both the arts and creative activities as determinants of individual health conditions, studies evaluating causal influence of attendance at cultural events on population health using individual population data on health are scarce. If available, results are often only of an associative nature. In this light, this study investigated causative impact of attendance at cultural events on self-reported and physical health in the Polish population. Methods Four recent waves (2009, 2011, 2013 and 2015) of the biennial longitudinal Polish household panel study, Social Diagnosis, were analysed. The data, representative for the Polish population aged over 16, with respect to age, gender, classes of place of residence and NUTS 2 regions, were collected from self-report questionnaires. Causative influence of cultural attendance on population health was established using longitudinal population representative data. To account for unobserved heterogeneity of individuals and to mitigate issues caused by omitted variables, a panel data model with a fixed effects estimator was applied. The endogeneity problem (those who enjoy good health are more likely to participate in cultural activities more frequently) was circumvented by application of instrumental variables. Results Results confirmed positive association between cultural attendance and self-reported health. However, in contrast to the often suggested positive causative relationship, such a link was not confirmed by the study. Additionally, no evidence was found to corroborate a positive impact from cultural attendance on physical health. Both findings were substantiated by augmentation in the longitudinal perspective and causal link. Conclusions We showed the relation between attendance at cultural events and self-reported health could only be confirmed as associational. Therefore, this study provided little justification to encourage use of passive cultural participation as a measure of health promotion (improvement). Our study did not confirm any identifiable benefit to physical health from passive participation in culture. Future research should investigate the causative influence of active participation in creative activities on health outcomes as, in contrast to passive attendance, it may be influential.
机译：背景技术尽管强烈主张采用艺术和创意活动作为决定个人健康状况的决定因素，但仍缺乏使用个人健康数据评估参加文化活动对人口健康的因果影响的研究。如果可用，结果通常仅具有关联性质。有鉴于此，本研究调查了参加文化活动对波兰人口自我报告和身体健康的因果关系。方法分析了最近两波（2009年，2011年，2013年和2015年）的两年一度的波兰家庭纵向纵向调查研究，即“社会诊断”。该数据代表了16岁以上波兰人口的年龄，性别，居住地类别和NUTS 2地区，是从自我报告调查表中收集的。使用纵向人口代表性数据确定文化出勤对人口健康的因果关系。为了解决个人未观察到的异质性并减轻由于遗漏变量而导致的问题，应用了具有固定效应估计量的面板数据模型。通过使用工具变量可以避免内生性问题（那些身体健康的人更可能更频繁地参加文化活动）。结果结果证实文化出勤与自我报告的健康之间呈正相关。但是，与通常建议的积极因果关系相反，该联系并未得到研究的证实。此外，没有证据表明文化参与对身体健康产生积极影响。这两个发现都在纵向上和因果关系上得到了增强。结论我们证明参加文化活动与自我报告的健康之间的关系只能被确认为关联性的。因此，这项研究几乎没有理由鼓励使用被动的文化参与作为促进健康（改善）的措施。我们的研究没有证实被动参与文化对身体健康有任何明显的好处。未来的研究应该调查积极参与创新活动对健康结果的因果关系，因为与被动参与相比，它可能具有影响力。

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