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Biocontrol of Ralstonia solanacearum by Treatment with Lytic Bacteriophages

机译：溶菌性噬菌体对青枯雷尔氏菌的生物防治

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Ralstonia solanacearum is a Gram-negative bacterium and the causative agent of bacterial wilt in many important crops. We treated R. solanacearum with three lytic phages: φRSA1, φRSB1, and φRSL1. Infection with φRSA1 and φRSB1, either alone or in combination with the other phages, resulted in a rapid decrease in the host bacterial cell density. Cells that were resistant to infection by these phages became evident approximately 30 h after phage addition to the culture. On the other hand, cells infected solely with φRSL1 in a batch culture were maintained at a lower cell density (1/3 of control) over a long period. Pretreatment of tomato seedlings with φRSL1 drastically limited penetration, growth, and movement of root-inoculated bacterial cells. All φRSL1-treated tomato plants showed no symptoms of wilting during the experimental period, whereas all untreated plants had wilted by 18 days postinfection. φRSL1 was shown to be relatively stable in soil, especially at higher temperatures (37 to 50°C). Active φRSL1 particles were recovered from the roots of treated plants and from soil 4 months postinfection. Based on these observations, we propose an alternative biocontrol method using a unique phage, such as φRSL1, instead of a phage cocktail with highly virulent phages. Using this method, φRSL1 killed some but not all bacterial cells. The coexistence of bacterial cells and the phage resulted in effective prevention of wilting.
机译：青枯雷尔氏菌是革兰氏阴性细菌，并且是许多重要农作物中细菌枯萎的病原体。我们用三种裂解噬菌体对青枯菌进行了处理：φRSA1，φRSB1和φRSL1。单独或与其他噬菌体联合感染ΦRSA1和ΦRSB1导致宿主细菌细胞密度迅速降低。在将噬菌体加入培养物中约30小时后，对这些噬菌体具有抗感染性的细胞变得明显。另一方面，在分批培养中仅用φRSL1感染的细胞可长期保持较低的细胞密度（对照的1/3）。用φRSL1预处理番茄幼苗大大限制了根部接种细菌细胞的渗透，生长和运动。在实验期间，所有经φRSL1处理的番茄植株均未出现萎symptoms症状，而所有未经处理的植株在感染后18天均已萎wil。 φRSL1在土壤中显示相对稳定，尤其是在较高温度（37至50°C）下。感染后4个月，从处理过的植物的根部和土壤中回收了活性φRSL1颗粒。基于这些观察结果，我们提出了一种使用独特的噬菌体（例如ΦRSL1）替代具有高毒性噬菌体的噬菌体混合物的生物防治方法。使用此方法，φRSL1杀死了部分但并非全部细菌细胞。细菌细胞和噬菌体的共存可有效防止枯萎。

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