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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Microbiology >Insertion Sequence Element Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Typing Provides Insights into the Population Structure and Evolution of Mycobacterium ulcerans across Africa
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Insertion Sequence Element Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Typing Provides Insights into the Population Structure and Evolution of Mycobacterium ulcerans across Africa

机译：插入序列元素单核苷酸多态性打字提供洞察非洲分支杆菌的人口结构和演变的见解。

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摘要

Buruli ulcer is an indolent, slowly progressing necrotizing disease of the skin caused by infection with Mycobacterium ulcerans . In the present study, we applied a redesigned technique to a vast panel of M. ulcerans disease isolates and clinical samples originating from multiple African disease foci in order to (i) gain fundamental insights into the population structure and evolutionary history of the pathogen and (ii) disentangle the phylogeographic relationships within the genetically conserved cluster of African M. ulcerans . Our analyses identified 23 different African insertion sequence element single nucleotide polymorphism (ISE-SNP) types that dominate in different areas where Buruli ulcer is endemic. These ISE-SNP types appear to be the initial stages of clonal diversification from a common, possibly ancestral ISE-SNP type. ISE-SNP types were found unevenly distributed over the greater West African hydrological drainage basins. Our findings suggest that geographical barriers bordering the basins to some extent prevented bacterial gene flow between basins and that this resulted in independent focal transmission clusters associated with the hydrological drainage areas. Different phylogenetic methods yielded two well-supported sister clades within the African ISE-SNP types. The ISE-SNP types from the “pan-African clade” were found to be widespread throughout Africa, while the ISE-SNP types of the “Gabonese/Cameroonian clade” were much rarer and found in a more restricted area, which suggested that the latter clade evolved more recently. Additionally, the Gabonese/Cameroonian clade was found to form a strongly supported monophyletic group with Papua New Guinean ISE-SNP type 8, which is unrelated to other Southeast Asian ISE-SNP types.
机译：布鲁氏溃疡是由溃疡分枝杆菌感染引起的惰性，缓慢进展的皮肤坏死性疾病。在本研究中，我们将重新设计的技术应用于来自多个非洲疾病灶的大量溃疡分枝杆菌疾病分离株和临床样品，以便（i）了解病原体的种群结构和进化史，以及（ ii）弄清非洲溃疡分枝杆菌的遗传保守簇内的亲缘关系。我们的分析确定了23种不同的非洲插入序列元件单核苷酸多态性（ISE-SNP）类型，这些类型在Buruli溃疡流行的不同地区占主导地位。这些ISE-SNP类型似乎是普通的，可能是祖先的ISE-SNP类型的克隆多样化的初始阶段。发现ISE-SNP类型在较大的西非水文流域内分布不均。我们的发现表明，流域边界的地理障碍在一定程度上阻止了流域之间细菌基因的流动，并且这导致了与水文流域相关的独立的焦点传播集群。不同的系统发育方法在非洲ISE-SNP类型中产生了两个支撑良好的姐妹进化枝。发现“泛非进化枝”中的ISE-SNP类型广泛分布于整个非洲，而“加蓬/喀麦隆进化枝”的ISE-SNP类型则更为稀少，且发现的区域更狭窄。后面的进化枝是最近才进化的。此外，发现加蓬/喀麦隆进化枝与巴布亚新几内亚ISE-SNP类型8形成了强烈支持的单系群体，与其他东南亚ISE-SNP类型无关。

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