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首页> 外文期刊>Applied Microbiology >Ruminal Bacterial Community Composition in Dairy Cows Is Dynamic over the Course of Two Lactations and Correlates with Feed Efficiency
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Ruminal Bacterial Community Composition in Dairy Cows Is Dynamic over the Course of Two Lactations and Correlates with Feed Efficiency

机译：奶牛的瘤胃细菌群落组成在两个泌乳过程中是动态的，并且与饲料效率相关

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Fourteen Holstein cows of similar ages were monitored through their first two lactation cycles, during which ruminal solids and liquids, milk samples, production data, and feed consumption data were collected for each cow during early (76 to 82 days in milk [DIM]), middle (151 to 157 DIM), and late (251 to 257 DIM) lactation periods. The bacterial community of each ruminal sample was determined by sequencing the region from V6 to V8 of the 16S rRNA gene using 454 pyrosequencing. Gross feed efficiency (GFE) for each cow was calculated by dividing her energy-corrected milk by dry matter intake (ECM/DMI) for each period of both lactation cycles. Four pairs of cows were identified that differed in milk production efficiency, as defined by residual feed intake (RFI), at the same level of ECM production. The most abundant phyla detected for all cows were Bacteroidetes (49.42%), Firmicutes (39.32%), Proteobacteria (5.67%), and Tenericutes (2.17%), and the most abundant genera included Prevotella (40.15%), Butyrivibrio (2.38%), Ruminococcus (2.35%), Coprococcus (2.29%), and Succiniclasticum (2.28%). The bacterial microbiota between the first and second lactation cycles were highly similar, but with a significant correlation between total community composition by ruminal phase and specific bacteria whose relative sequence abundances displayed significant positive or negative correlation with GFE or RFI. These data suggest that the ruminal bacterial community is dynamic in terms of membership and diversity and that specific members are associated with high and low milk production efficiency over two lactation cycles.
机译：在前两个泌乳周期中监测了十四头相似年龄的荷斯坦奶牛，在此期间，在早期（牛奶[DIM]为76至82天）中收集了每头奶牛的瘤胃固体和液体，牛奶样品，生产数据和饲料消耗数据。 ，哺乳中期（151至157 DIM）和晚期（251至257 DIM）。通过使用454焦磷酸测序法对16S rRNA基因的V6至V8区域进行测序，确定了每个瘤胃样品的细菌群落。通过在两个泌乳周期的每个时期将其能量校正后的牛奶除以干物质摄入量（ECM / DMI），计算出每头母牛的总饲料效率（GFE）。在相同的ECM生产水平下，确定了四对奶牛，它们的牛奶生产效率不同，由剩余饲料摄入量（RFI）定义。在所有母牛中检测到的最丰富的菌群是拟杆菌（49.42％），硬毛菌（39.32％），变形杆菌（5.67％）和Tenericutes（2.17％），并且最丰富的属包括普雷沃特氏菌（40.15％），丁酸杆菌（2.38％） ），Ruminococcus（2.35％），Coprococcus（2.29％）和Succiniclasticum（2.28％）。第一个和第二个泌乳周期之间的细菌菌群高度相似，但是瘤胃期的总群落组成与特定细菌之间存在显着相关性，这些细菌的相对序列丰度与GFE或RFI呈显着正相关或负相关。这些数据表明，瘤胃细菌群落在成员和多样性方面是动态的，并且特定成员与两个泌乳周期的高和低产奶效率相关。

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