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Factors Affecting the Development of Clostridium botulinum in Whole Milk

机译：影响全脂肉毒梭菌发育的因素

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This study was undertaken to determine the effect of the sterilization process and the age of the medium at the time of inoculation on the development of Clostridium botulinum type 62A. Whole milk was autoclaved at 121 C for 18 or 30 min and inoculated with C. botulinum so as to contain 2,000 to 5,000 spores per milliliter. No effort was made to remove dissolved oxygen or to reduce the oxidation-reduction (O/R) potential of the medium by adding sodium thioglycolate. A 3- and a 5-day-old medium were used to study the influence of aging. Eh determinations were made periodically on inoculated and uninoculated samples. Culture development was followed by use of an oval tube counting procedure. The technique used to sterilize the milk influenced the initial O/R potential as well as the autoreductive capacity of the medium. The initial Eh of whole milk sterilized in 500-ml volumes for 18 min was 234 mv. In milk sterilized for 30 min it was 192 mv. The lag phase was 7 days in the former and 5 days in the latter. The exponential growth phases were similar. Autoreduction occurred in sterilized milk. The Eh of uninoculated milk sterilized for 18 min decreased 45 mv in 6 days. In milk sterilized for 30 min the decrease was 63 mv. In milk inoculated 3 or 5 days after sterilization the lag phase was shorter than when the medium was inoculated within 2 hr after autoclaving, regardless of the sterilization procedure employed. The autoreductive property of sterilized whole milk plays a major role in the development of C. botulinum type 62A.
机译：进行该研究以确定灭菌过程和接种时培养基的年龄对62A型肉毒梭菌发育的影响。将全脂牛奶在121°C下高压灭菌18或30分钟，并接种肉毒梭状芽孢杆菌，使其每毫升含有2,000至5,000孢子。通过添加硫代乙醇酸钠，不需努力除去溶解氧或降低介质的氧化还原（O / R）势。使用3天和5天的培养基研究衰老的影响。定期对接种和未接种样品进行测定。使用卵形管计数程序跟踪培养的发展。用于对牛奶进行灭菌的技术影响了初始O / R电位以及培养基的自还原能力。以500 ml体积灭菌18分钟的全脂牛奶的初始Eh为234 mv。在灭菌30分钟的牛奶中，其值为192 mv。前者为7天，后者为5天。指数增长阶段相似。灭菌后的牛奶会自动还原。消毒18分钟的未接种牛奶的Eh在6天内降低了45 mv。在灭菌30分钟的牛奶中，减少量为63 mv。在灭菌后3或5天接种的牛奶中，无论采用何种灭菌程序，滞后阶段都比高压灭菌后2小时内接种培养基时的滞后阶段短。无菌全脂奶的自还原特性在62A型肉毒梭菌的发展中起主要作用。

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